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Bellwork. What makes the “ Lub ” heart sound? AV valves closing (tricuspid & mitral) What makes the “Dub” heart sound? Semilunar valves closing (pulmonary & aortic) If someone has a heart rate of 62 and a stroke volume of 81 ml, what is their cardiac output? 5,022 ml/min
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Bellwork • What makes the “Lub” heart sound? • AV valves closing (tricuspid & mitral) • What makes the “Dub” heart sound? • Semilunar valves closing (pulmonary & aortic) • If someone has a heart rate of 62 and a stroke volume of 81 ml, what is their cardiac output? • 5,022 ml/min • SWBAT compare and contrast arteries, veins, & capillaries
Blood Vessels • Arteries → Arterioles → Capillary beds → Venules → Veins
Blood Vessels • Arteries carry blood AWAY from heart • Veins carry blood TO the heart • Capillaries connect arteries & veins
Microscopic Anatomy of Blood Vessels • Have 3 tunics: • Tunica interna: lines the lumen (opening), thin layer that forms a slick surface • Tunica media: bulky smooth muscle layer, can constrict or dilate • Tunica externa: fibrous connective tissue to support and protect blood vessel
Structural Differences • Arteries thicker – they expand due to high pressure from heart pumping • Pressure is low in veins, so they have valves to prevent backflow
Structural Differences • Veins are surrounded by skeletal muscle to “milk” blood through
Structural Differences • Capillaries are 1 cell thick (only tunica interna) so that gases can cross between blood and tissues
Structural Differences • Capillaries have sphincters that can open or close to control how much blood goes to tissue
Varicose Veins • Common in people who stand for long periods • Blood pools in veins of legs • Valves give out and vein dilates and twists • Dangerous if blood pools long enough to form a clot
Arteries to Know • Aorta: largest, up from LV then turns down through abdomen • Pulmonary artery: RV to lungs • Carotid artery: branches from aorta to brain • Renal arteries: aorta to kidneys • Femoral arteries: in thighs
Veins to Know • Vena Cava (superior & inferior): largest, empties into RA • Median cubital vein: inner elbow (blood draws) • Pulmonary veins: return blood from lungs • Jugular veins: returns blood from head • Renal veins: return blood from kidneys to vena cava
Assignment • Make flip chart to compare and contrast arteries, veins, and capillaries • Draw picture before cutting anything! • Write everything you know about each of the following: • Arteries • Veins • Capillaries