Please take out your 198-201 Study Questions Turn in your binder

1. Please take out your 198-201 Study Questions • Turn in your binder

2. Review • What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act establish? • Erased Missouri Compromise Line and made slave question answered by popular sovereignty in all territories.

3. The Crisis Deepens & The Union Dissolves – p. 198-201 • People were angry over the Kansas-Nebraska Act. • Some turned to violence, while others recognized that politics was the way to make changes

4. The Crisis Deepens • The New Republican Party’s main goal: To stop Southern planters from becoming an aristocracy (rich class) that controlled the government • Republicans did not agree whether or not slavery should be abolished, but did agree that it should be kept out of the territories.

5. Dred Scott • Dred Scott was a slave who was taken to the North for work for several years. • After being taken back to the South he claimed living in the free territory of the North made him free. • While ruling against Scott, the Court declared that Congress’s ban on slavery in the west as part of the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. It was OK to have pop. Sovereignty.

6. Dred Scott • The Court ruled that a slave was property, not a citizen, and thus had no rights under the Constitution. • The South viewed this as a huge win • The North argued that if Dred Scott could not legally bring a lawsuit to court, the case should have been thrown out without a decision.

7. John Brown • When the vote was held to determine the slavery issue in Kansas many people flooded into Kansas from both sides of the issue to try to sway the vote. Ultimately, Kansas entered as a free state.

8. John Brown • John Brown was an abolitionist hoping to wage a war on slavery by providing weapons to slaves and causing a rebellion. • North saw him as a martyr (died for his cause) • South took it as proof that Northerners were plotting to kill slave holders.

9. John Brown • John Brown’s raid was considered a turning point for the South because the South became convinced that they needed to secede in order to keep their way of life.

10. Election of Lincoln • Lincoln was not an abolitionist. • He was not for outlawing slavery • Viewed it as morally wrong • Opposed the spread of it into the Western Territories • Lincoln and the Republicans campaigned on: • Free soil for territories (no slavery) • Slavery can remain within Southern borders • High tariffs to support manufacturing (North)

11. Election of Lincoln • The South viewed the election of Lincoln as a threat to their society and culture and even their lives. • South felt they had no choice but to secede • South Carolina is the first to secede in Dec. 1860 by voting to repeal the ratification of the Const.

12. Crittenden’s Compromise • An attempt by Congress to get the South to come back. It was a series of amendments that included: • Guarantee slavery where it already existed • Re-instate Missouri Compromise all the way to CA border • Slavery prohibited north of the line, but protected south of the line

13. Crittenden’s Compromise • Lincoln urged Republicans in Congress to vote against it. • He argued that the compromise acknowledged that slavery had equal rights with liberty (freedom)

14. Confederacy • Feb. 1861 – Confederacy born • Wrote a Constitution similar to US, but with some important differences: • Independence of each state • Guaranteed slavery in Confederate territory • Banned protective tariffs (taxes on imports) • Limited President to one six-year term • Jefferson Davis elected President

15. Jefferson Davis’s Inaugural Speech • “The time for compromise has now passed. The South is determined to…make all who oppose her smell Southern powder and feel Southern steel.” • In this speech – he meant WAR!!