CMP and High Technologies

1. CMP and High Technologies Case of BSG Beshah Mogesse

2. Introduction • Visit time: November 2012 • Visited schemes: Berebera Water supply project (Deep Well) and AbatachiExpantion (Pressurized System) • The observation of the two schemes will be discussed

3. Introduction • Community Development Fund (CDF)/Community Management Project (CMP) has good experience of Small scale technologies like HDW and Spring Development and achieved: • High annual implementation rate (5 folds) than Woreda implementation • High functionality (ReCMP, 2012) • This result is due to keen community participation in every stages of projects

4. Steps in CDF/CMP Sources: CMP Guideline, 2011)

5. …cont’d Reason why we Need High Technology • Hand Deg Well is feasible for shallow groundwater but Hydro-geologic feature is determinant on water availability. • Springs are distributed unevenly regardless of settlements • Considering high technology is an only option where there is no shallow ground table and no spring

6. Berebera Deep well • Status of the project: Under construction (started in 2004) • Budget: 3.6 Million Birr • Sources of water: deep well (@61m depth) • Well yield: 3.9 l/s • Pipe length: 5km • Client: FINN-WASh and Dibate Woreda Water office • Contractor: BSG water enterprise

7. Berebera …. • The water supply system is planned to feed the tow with public tap and house connection. • The sources will supply reliable water even in the dry season • There is no question about the comparative advantage of Deep well. But the question is can we maintain the philosophy of CDF/CMP here?

8. Reflection from Group Discussion • Community Contribution • WASHCo established based on the Guideline CDF • Contribution is about 8.08% (which is over the minimum contribution cut off) • Community participation was reluctant for either of the reasons below • The kebele’s leader • Powerless of WASHCos • Compliant on the level of technology

9. Compliant • Users complain of not having public tap in their vicinity. • Moreover the users are complaining on the size of distribution pipeline. The main line coming from water reservoir has 4” and after feeding the school it abruptly changed to 11/2”.

10. …Con’d • The community doubt about its capacity in case of more connection • This problem seems simple but it has a significant impact over the community mobilization for contribution and participation • The implementer of the water supply system need to be, convinced or convince the community, so that to implement the system in sustainable manner.

11. Procurement and Contracting • High technologies are beyond the capacity of local artisans • Outsourcing contractors is beyond the capacity of the WASHCos and may cause delaying on construction due to biding procedure.

12. Post construction Operation and Maintenance • Based on the survey the average monthly water charge is 4.92 ETB with standard Deviation of 2.51 • High technologies like motorized system require high operational and maintenance expenditure. Therefore, the custom tariff system is unlikely to meet to these running costs. • Upgrading local artisans has to be done while implementation to ease the operation and maintenance of the system

13. Spare part supply • The main challenge in keeping the functionality of water supply schemes even in HDW. • In high technologies the matter will be worse and prolonged service break • Spare part suppliers should be created at regional and Woreda levels

14. Remark • Shifting from low technology to high technology is to address all. • CMP is still as important as for low technologies, but need modification of proportion of community participation, tariff setting, community organizing and contracting.