1 / 25

LIPID : Struktur dan fungsi

LIPID : Struktur dan fungsi. Lipid. Def: compounds which are relatively insoluble in water, but freely soluble in non polar organic solvents like benzene, ether, chloforom etc. Function. Storage form of energy Structure component of biomembranes Insolution Shape and contour of body

doyle
Download Presentation

LIPID : Struktur dan fungsi

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. LIPID: Struktur dan fungsi

  2. Lipid • Def: compounds which are relatively insoluble in water, but freely soluble in non polar organic solvents like benzene, ether, chloforom etc.

  3. Function • Storage form of energy • Structure component of biomembranes • Insolution • Shape and contour of body • Protect internal organ • Metabolic regulator • Electric insulator in neurons • Help in absorbtion of fat soluble vitamins • Taste and palatability

  4. Clinical importance of lipid • Obesity • Artheroscreloris • Fatty liver • Lipid storage disorder • Lipoproteinimias

  5. CLASSIFICATION OF LIPIDS • Simple Lipids, exp: fat or oil, wax • Compound Lipid • Phospholipid – lechitin • Glycolipids – cerebrosides • Sulpholipids – sulfated cerebrosides • Derived lipids – exp. Fatty acids, prostaglandin, steroids, etc. • Micellaneous lipids, exp. Carotenoids, squalene, etc.

  6. Types of Lipids • Lipids with fatty acids Waxes Fats and oils (trigycerides) Phospholipids Sphingolipids • Lipids without fatty acids Steroids

  7. Fatty Acids • Long-chain carboxylic acids • Insoluble in water • Typically 12-18 carbon atoms (even number) • Some contain double bonds corn oil contains 86% unsaturated fatty acids and 14% saturated fatty acids

  8. Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids Saturated = C–C bonds Unsaturated = one or more C=C bonds

  9. Structures Saturated fatty acids • Fit closely in regular pattern Unsaturated fatty acids • Cis double bonds

  10. Properties of SaturatedFatty Acids • Contain only single C–C bonds • Closely packed • Strong attractions between chains • High melting points • Solids at room temperature

  11. Properties of UnsaturatedFatty Acids • Contain one or more double C=C bonds • Nonlinear chains do not allow molecules to pack closely • Few interactions between chains • Low melting points • Liquids at room temperature

  12. Learning Check L1 How would the melting point of stearic acid compare to the melting points of oleic acid and linoleic acid? Assign the melting points of –17°C, 13°C, and 69°C to the correct fatty acid. Explain. stearic acid (18 C) saturated oleic acid (18 C) one double bond linoleic acid (18 C) two double bonds

  13. Solution L1 Stearic acid is saturated and would have a higher melting point than the unsaturated fatty acids. Because linoleic has two double bonds, it would have a lower mp than oleic acid, which has one double bond. stearic acid mp 69°C oleic acid mp 13°C linoleic acid mp -17°C

  14. Fats and Oils Formed from glycerol and fatty acids

  15. Triglycerides (triacylglcerols) Esters of glycerol and fatty acids

  16. Learning Check L2 What are the fatty acids in the following triglyceride?

  17. Solutions L2 What are the fatty acids in the following triglyceride? Stearic acid Oleic acid Myristic acid

  18. Properties of Triglycerides Hydrogenation • Unsaturated compounds react with H2 • Ni or Pt catalyst • C=C bonds C–C bonds Hydrolysis • Split by water and acid or enzyme catalyst • Produce glycerol and 3 fatty acids

  19. Hydrogenation

  20. Product of Hydrogenation Hydrogenation converts double bonds in oils to single bonds. The solid products are used to make margarine and other hydrogenated items.

  21. Hydrolysis Triglycerides split into glycerol and three fatty acids (H+ or enzyme catalyst)

  22. Saponification and Soap • Hydrolysis with a strong base • Triglycerides split into glycerol and the salts of fatty acids • The salts of fatty acids are “soaps” • KOH gives softer soaps

  23. Saponification

  24. Learning Check L3 What are the products obtained from the complete hydrogenation of glyceryl trioleate? (1) Glycerol and 3 oleic acids (2) Glyceryltristearate (3) Glycerol and 3 stearic acids

  25. Solution L3 What are the products obtained from the complete hydrogenation of glyceryl trioleate? 2. Glyceryltristearate

More Related