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Football 1900-1909. During this decade, football _____ a __________ league and existed only as a supposedly _______ sport. It was the primary sporting vehicle for upper-class elite colleges such as ________, _________, __________, and ___________.
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Football 1900-1909 • During this decade, football _____ a __________ league and existed only as a supposedly _______ sport. • It was the primary sporting vehicle for upper-class elite colleges such as ________, _________, __________, and ___________. • _____ occurring during games plagued the sport. • By the end of the decade football's place in American sporting life remained tenuous and was _____________ by both ________ and _______.
Football 1900-1909 • Football entered the decade increasing its popularity as evidenced by the rising number of ___________ teams adding the sport to their athletic programs. • However, as popular as the game was within these college communities, it also suffered from ____________ and _____________.
Football 1900-1909 • ______________, ____________ _________, _________ _______, ________ ________, and slush funds provided ample material for the media to question the game's popularity. • However, many university leaders realized that great prestige and notoriety could come to a university through a _________football team.
Football 1900-1909 • University of Chicago President William Rainey Harper hires ______ _________ _______. • ________ creates a top-notch football program at the mid-western school which competes with the likes of ________, ______, & _____ both academically and athletically.
Football 1900-1909 • As winning became more and more important for schools, a renewed focus on _______ and _________ developed. • The ____ play in whichteams would line up______ and _______ inthe backfield and usetheir momentum topropel the ball carrier toward the 1st down.
Football 1900-1909 • Football became a mass of bodies slamming into one another and, in the close quarters, many ________ acts such as ________, ________, and ________, would occur, out of the officials' sight. • Newspaper reports of ________ and injuries increased, raising public skepticism of the merits of the game.
Football 1900-1909 • Schools formed _______ _______ within ___________ regions. • One of the most powerful leagues was the ___________ ________, which would become the Big 10, led by Stagg’s University of Chicago and Michigan's Fielding Yost. • The Western League adopted a more wide-open style of play, divorcing itself from reliance upon ________-__________plays favored by the Big 3, Harvard, Yale, and Princeton.
Football 1900-1909 • As these leagues matured, claims arose as to “_______ _____________” status. • In 1901 Michigan claimed the title by recording an __-_ record, outscoring opponents by ___-__, and defeating Stanford in the 1st ever Rose Bowl ___-__. • ________, who believed that winning the eastern championship accorded them the national title, contested the claim. • The battle over a true ______ _________ played out in the media and between fans throughout the decade.
Football 1900-1909 • The following season (_____); Yost's Michigan team again posted a perfect record in their eleven games ___-__ • University of Nebraska went ___-__ • And Princeton University went ___-__ • Debates continue due to these different schools from different conferences posting _________ __________
Football 1900-1909 • The ____season created even more chaos, ___ teams finished the season undefeated • Michigan claimed its ____ straight national title • Fellow Western Conference foe Minnesota also claimed the honor with their 13-0 record, while the University of Pennsylvania went 12-0 • _____________and ____________ also went undefeated • This debate over national prominence demonstrated that, while the eastern colleges believed that they controlled the sport, others were willing to challenge that status. • The stage is now set for bowl games to answer the perennial __________ ______________ __________
Football 1900-1909 • In 1905 ______ College and _____ _____ ___________ (NYU) played in New York City where Union end ______ ______ died from an injury sustained in the game. • The rules of the game cried out for changes • The Intercollegiate Football Rules Committee, headed by Paul Dashiell and controlled by its secretary, ________ ________, held its regularly scheduled meeting to create and make some rule reforms to the game. • Dominated by ________, _____, ________, and _____, this committee struggled to find common ground for rule changes.
Football 1900-1909 • Creation of the NCAA (1905), originally the ICAA • _______ ________of West Point was the 1st president of the Inter-Collegiate Athletic Association (ICAA), whom headed a rules change meeting. • Significant changes included the _______ _____, a neutral zone between the opposing teams, and—Camp's favorite—the extension of a first down to ____ yards. • Other proposals called for stronger penalties against _________, _______, and ______ _____.
Football 1900-1909 • Season Final ______: Traditional ______ game University of _______vs. Yost's ________ (58 straight win streak, seeking its 5th national championship, outscoring opponents 495-0 during the season) • _________’s University of Chicago was also undefeated and had only given up ___ points to opponents • Stagg's team held off Yost's Michigan men 2-0, scoring on a _____ in a classic defensive Thanksgiving Day battle handing Yost’s Wolverines their 1st loss in ___ _______!!! • ______ Thanksgiving Day Championship, and the ______ traditional rivalry matchup for the Western Conference.
Football 1900-1909 • College Football then underwent _____ changes to the game. • Rule changes were evident and many institutes felt football _______ academic rigor and that cheer practice and the fanaticism surrounding big games distracted the attention of students. • College football would survive though
Football 1900-1909 • The desire to win led teams to recruit athletes who might not have been admitted to the universities under normal circumstances - AKA – _______ _________. • Many _________ minorities who possessed great athletic ability had opportunities to play and attend classes in schools where they would possibly not have been welcomed if not for their _____________. • ________ _________ athletes, (Dartmouth's _________ ___________ and Ohio University quarterback ________D. _____) were sprinkled throughout college football, but were banned from professional baseball.
Football 1900-1909 • The reforms around the country reflected reform movements occurring in ______ and _________ throughout the nation. • The American public viewed these reforms as the connection of sport to the ______ at large. • Abuses needed to be addressed, whether brutality in ________ conditions or on the ________.
Football 1900-1909 • ___ players died in college football in 1909 (many from prominent eastern schools) • _________ Report passed - the forward pass was liberalized to make it a more effective play, _________ and ___________ were outlawed • _____, and _____, were eligible to _____ passes. • The rules changed the game from the rugby-influenced style of the ____ into the modern game of American football. • The end of the decade was the dawning of a new era for American football. **__________________________________________________________________________________.**
Football 1900-1909 • Changes in the game included more than the _________ and the _________ ______. • The gender roles represented in the game also changed dramatically. While the game had always been a ______ bastion on the _______ , ______ played a prominent role in _______ _______ sections. • Progressive fears about the feminization of America altered that relationship during this decade.
Football 1900-1909 • Schools took _________ ___________’s call for ___________ identity characterizing American nationality to heart. • Schools with large ________ populations feared that they would be viewed as ______'s colleges. Some banned _______ from their campuses; others used strong football teams to proclaim their _________. Still others banned __________from participating in the cheering sections. • In _____ the University of __________ established a separate section for _______ to _____ and ______, apart from the men's cheer section. AND - (_________ __ _______)
