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French Revolution (FR): Issues & Consequences. Europe in 1789. The Estates System. FR. Periods of FR. THREE PERIODS 1. Liberal (1789-1792), which in turn consists of 4 stages.-i. Aristocrat, 2 nd . Privileged elements of 3 rd estate, 3 rd Parisian uprising , 4 th Great Fear.
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Periods of FR • THREE PERIODS • 1. Liberal (1789-1792), which in turn consists of 4 stages.-i. Aristocrat, 2nd. Privileged elements of 3rd estate, 3rd Parisian uprising , 4th Great Fear. • 2. Radical Revolution (1792-4)- i) rule of the Convention ii) Reign of Terror (1793-94) • 3. Thermidorean Reaction, 1794-99.
Sketch by Jacques-Louis David of the National Assembly making the Tennis Court Oath.
The Liberal Period, 1789-1792 • The Formation of NA • Storm of Bastille • Declaration of Rights • Establishment of Constitutional Monarchy
Radicalization, 1792-94 • Why? i) counter-revolution in France • ii) war against foreign countries-Prussia, Austria, GB- every power was taking adv of the chaotic situation, Prussia advanced as far as Verdun (about over 100 miles from Paris, Toulon taken by GB) • Iii) the emergence of sans-culottes (ordinary French citizen) demanding reform
Radical Period • August 1792, feared of the counter-revolutionary threat mobs attacked Tuileries. • Robespierre saw the need to save the FR, by leading it during a time of need. • Action: abolished monarchy. France now a republic • 1793, Jacobin in collaboration with the sans culottes took over the power through parliament coup • CPS ruled 1793-94
Executioner of King Louis XVI shows the head of the King of France to crowd.
Louis XVI being executedColored contemporary engraving of the execution of Louis XVI in January 1793. He is said to have died with tranquil dignity on the newly invented guillotine.