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India ~ Culture, Food, & Nutrition

India ~ Culture, Food, & Nutrition. Brittany Corey & Nicole Wirth Cultural Aspects of Nutrition Prof. Philip Skaff, MSU Denver Fall 2013. Allow us to present…The Amazing Gaurav!.

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India ~ Culture, Food, & Nutrition

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  1. India ~ Culture, Food, & Nutrition Brittany Corey & Nicole Wirth Cultural Aspects of Nutrition Prof. Philip Skaff, MSU Denver Fall 2013

  2. Allow us to present…The Amazing Gaurav! • Moved to the U.S. in 2000 to complete his Masters degree in Civil Engineering. Living and working in Colorado since 2001. 13 Gaurav’s sister, mother, and Gaurav at his wedding reception, March 2012 Gaurav Being Gaurav

  3. Gaurav Hails From Mumbai, India

  4. Downtown Mumbai Mumbai population as of 2011 = about 18.41 million 5

  5. Asian Indian Immigrant Population by U.S. County, 2002

  6. Religion in India Hinduism: 82% Islam: 12% Christianity: 2.5% Other: 3.5% 4

  7. Hinduism • Monotheistic Polytheism • Orthopraxy • Rebirth: Samsara and Karma • Vedas 4

  8. Deities Vishnu Hanuman Rama Shiva Ganesha 4, 7

  9. Religious Influence on Food • Food Offerings • Feast and Fast • Vegetarianism • Tamasic, Rajasic, Sattvic7

  10. Family • Caste System: Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Sudras • Joint Family System • Arranged Marriage 1, 7

  11. Traditional Food HabitsGreatly varies by region, religious practices, and population Dietary Staples • Grains & Legumes • Rice • Dal (dried beans, peas & lentils) • Dairy Supplementation • Yogurt • Ghee (clarified butter) 8

  12. Distinctive SeasoningsMasalas are mixtures of spices and herbs.Prepared fresh “wet” or dried & powdered • Coriander • Cumin • Fenugreek • Turmeric • Black & Cayenne Pepper • Cloves • Cardamom • Cinnamon • Chili Peppers • Garlic • Mint • Tamarind • Saffron 8

  13. Meal Patterns • Typically all home-cooked • Hot meals, three times per day consisting of about three or four small courses • Meals heavy on rice, lentils, vegetables, and traditional spices 10

  14. Health Outcomes Acculturation has proven to increase the following risk factors as compared to native Asian Indian populations • Coronary Heart Disease • Diabetes • Breast Cancer in Women • Colon Cancers • Hypertension 6

  15. Indian Immigrants StudyState College, PA Changes in dietary habits of college students since immigration : • Convenience foods • Increased meat consumption • More dairy / cheese products • Soda and alcohol • Consumption of breads, pastas, muffins, & bagels • Skipping breakfast, only one hot meal per day • Larger portion sizes 10

  16. Indian Immigrants StudyState College, PA Eating habits influenced by: • Age of participant • Marital status 10 • Gaurav: “My eating habits have changed quite a bit since I got married, and as I have gotten older for sure. I used to eat a lot of pizza and pasta, and drink a lot of soda. Now Maria mostly cooks for us. We eat a lot of traditional Indian vegetarian food, and a lot of traditional Hispanic vegetarian dishes. I still probably drink too much coffee though!” 13 Gaurav, Surya, & Maria Vasisht, 2013

  17. Perceived Health Asian Indians tend to view better health in terms of the following factors • Greater perceived support of friends • Proximity of family and social support • Proximity of place to worship 6

  18. Samosas: Fried Indian Vegetable Pastries • Recipe by Emeril Lagasse, for Food Network http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/emeril-lagasse/samosas-fried-indian-vegetable-pastries-recipe/index.html9 Serving Size = 1 Piece • Calories: 511 • Carbohydrates: 60 g • Fiber: 0 g • Fats: 56 g • Saturated Fat: 6 g • Protein: 1 g Nutritional Evaluation from http://mydietanalysis.pearsoncmg.com

  19. Samosas: Fried Indian Vegetable Pastries Nutritional Evaluation from http://mydietanalysis.pearsoncmg.com

  20. Whole Grain Sweet Potato & Green Pea Samosa • Serving Size = 1 Piece • Calories: 209 • Carbohydrates: 40.8 g. • Fiber: 5.5 g. • Fats: 3.5 g. • Saturated Fat: 0.43 g. • Polynsaturated Fat: 1.79 g. • Monounsaturated Fat: 0.83 g. • Protein: 5.9 g. Recipe from http://www.gluten-free-vegan-girl.com/?s=samosas

  21. Whole Grain Sweet Potato & Green Pea Samosa Diet Analysis by Fitday.com

  22. Ingredient Spotlight:Ginger Root Traditional Ayurvedic Uses • Lower blood pressure • Help circulation • Control nausea • Digestive aid • Pain relief • Enhance immune system 11

  23. Counseling Tips • Ayurvedic Medicine Practices may be important in addressing health issues • Mind, Body, & Soul viewed as a system • Imbalances cause ill-health 12 • Identity for Asian Indian women is mostly based upon family relationships • Social support leads to better health outcomes • Economic & language barriers may prevent seeking healthcare 12

  24. References • Anderson CA. Culture and Customs of India. Connecticut: Greenwood Press; 2002. • AryaSR. History of Rama and Ramayama. Hindu Online. http://hinduonline.co/Articles/HinduHistory/StoryOfRama.html. Published October 23, 2010. Accessed September 10, 2013. • BBC. Introduction to Hinduism. BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/hinduism/ataglance/glance.shtml. Published September 29, 2009. Accessed September 15, 2013 • Blackwell FR. India: A Global Studies Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO; 2004. • Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES). Economic Survey, 2010-11. Government of Maharashtra and Census 2011. • DiwanS & Jonnalagadda SS. Social Integration and Health among Asian Indian Immigrants in the United States, Journal of Gerontological Social Work, 36: 1-2, 45-62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J083v36n01_04 Published online October 11, 2008. Accessed September 06, 2013.

  25. References (cont.) • Jacobson D. Indian society and ways of living. http://asiasociety.org/countries/traditions/indian-society-and-ways-living?page=0,0. Published 2004. Accessed September 15, 2013. • Kittler PG, Sucher KP, & Nahikian-Nelms M. Food and Culture. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning; 2004:435-441. • Lagasse E. Samosas: Fried Indian Vegetable Pastries. Accessed from http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/emeril-lagasse/samosas-fried-indian-vegetable-pastries-recipe/index.html Published 2002. Accessed September 08, 2013. • MahadevanM & Blair D. Changes in Food Habits of South Indian Hindu Brahmin Immigrants in State College, PA, Ecology of Food and Nutrition. Published online September 10, 2009. Accessed September 06, 2013. • McIntyre A. The Ayurveda Bible. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books Ltd; 2012: 340-341. • TewaryS. Asian Indian Immigrant Women, Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 11:1, 1-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J137v11n01_01 Published online September 25, 2008. Accessed September 06, 2013. • VasishtG. Personal Interview on September 12, 2013. g.vasisht@jfsato.com.

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