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36-2 Nematoda and Rotifera

36-2 Nematoda and Rotifera. · Both phylum have bilateral symmetry · Both have fluid filled space which serves 4 functions 1. Holds internal organs 2. Serves as storage area for eggs and sperm 3.  S upports body 4. Provides structure against which muscles can contract.

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36-2 Nematoda and Rotifera

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  1. 36-2 Nematoda and Rotifera ·Both phylum have bilateral symmetry ·Both have fluid filled space which serves 4 functions 1. Holds internal organs 2. Serves as storage area for eggs and sperm 3. Supports body 4. Provides structure against which muscles can contract

  2. Phylum Nematoda · Roundworms (transps. 134,135,158) · Long slender bodies that taper at each end · Known as pseudocoelomates *hollow fluid-filled cavity that is lined by mesoderm on outside, and endoderm on the inside • 1 mm to 120cm in length

  3. Phylum Nematoda · Have digestive tract with 2 openings: anterior end is mouth and posterior end is anus. Food goes in mouth and moves in only 1 direction. This is better than a gastrovascular cavity. ·Separate sexes ·Protective noncellular covering called cuticle ·Free living on land and in salt water or fresh water • Some are parasites

  4. 1. Genus: Ascaris ·Parasitic in intestines of pigs, horses and humans (fig. 36-7 p.716) ·1 ft. in length • 1 female produces 200,000 eggs/day

  5. Life Cycle · Fertilized eggs in feces of hosts · New host ingests contaminated food or water • Eggs develop in intestines. Larvae form, go through bloodstream to lungs to throat. Coughed up and swallowed and returned to intestines.

  6. 2. Hookworms · Always parasitic · Feed on host’s blood · Life cycle similar to Ascaris • Affect 400 million people. Especially in the tropical regions

  7. 3. genus: Trichinella · Parasitic in walls of host’s intestines · Larvae go to muscles and form cysts • Get by eating raw meat (usually pork). Called trichinosis. Pretty rare in the USA.

  8. 1. Pinworm · Most common in the USA · Causes no serious disease  2.  Filarial worms · Parasitic · Usually in the tropics · Larvae develop in the mosquito a.Elephantiasis: limbs accumulate excess water and swell b. heartworm disease: clogs arteries and heart of dogs (and some cats Other Parasitic Roundworms

  9. Pinworm

  10. Elephantiasis

  11. Heartworm Disease

  12. · Called rotifers · Free living and transparent and in fresh water Can survive without water for a long time. They dry up and when wet conditions return, they resume life · Separate sexes · Draw and label fig. 36-10 p. 718 · Define or explain purpose *cilia *mastax *cloaca Phylum Rotifera

  13. Rotifera

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