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DELIVERING RURAL SERVICES IN KARNATAKA:. The Challenges Ahead. WATER SUPPLY HOUSING SANITATION CONNECTIVITY ELECTRICITY TRANSPORT PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION. EDUCATION HEALTH SERVICES IRRIGATION AGRI. EXTENSION VETERNARY SERVICES MARKETING BANKING COMMUNICATIONS. Rural Services.
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DELIVERING RURAL SERVICESIN KARNATAKA: The Challenges Ahead
WATER SUPPLY HOUSING SANITATION CONNECTIVITY ELECTRICITY TRANSPORT PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION EDUCATION HEALTH SERVICES IRRIGATION AGRI. EXTENSION VETERNARY SERVICES MARKETING BANKING COMMUNICATIONS Rural Services
The Rural Setting 56,682 Habitations 3,49,00,000 Population 70 Lakh Households 2,15,000 sq. Kms. of Area
Grouping of Villages by Size of Population More than 10,000 population :131Villages Between 5000 & 10,000 :703Villages Between 2000 & 5000 :4019Villages Between 500 & 2000 :13738Villages Below 500 population :8890Villages
Occupational Profile and Literacy of Rural Population Agriculture: • Cultivators67,04,656 • Agricultural Labour58,90,452* Industry/Crafts etc., 5,81,561 Others 39,52,649 Literates (above 7 years of Age) 1,79,64,884 * (59.68) % * Source: Census of India 2001
Institutional Setting • 5653 Grama Panchayats (91,402 Members) • 176 Taluk Panchayats (3,683 Members) • 27 Zilla Panchayats (1,005 Members) • 29 Departments in PRIs with • 35937 Employees (30285 GP Staff & 5652 Govt. Staff)
Financial Resources of Panchayats(Funds from State & Central Govt.,) (Rupees in Crores)
Present Status • All 56,682 habitations have borewells or other public sources of water supply; • 23134 habitations have > 40 lpcd supply according to capacity created;
.... Present Status • Ground Water Source used in < 95% Rural Water Supply Schemes; • 18592 Piped Water Supply Schemes (with OHT and distribution); • 32,298 Mini Water Supply Schemes (water pumped into ground level); • 194315 Borewells with hand pumps; • Small number of open wells;
Challenges - Organisational • Wide Dispersion of Service Points; • Decentralised System of Service Provision • Planning and Construction by ZPs; • Maintenance by TPs /GPs; • No dedicated Personnel except Watermen at GP level; • Inadequate Capacity for Planning and Procurement of Services; • Pressures of Democratic Decentralisation;
Challenges - Technical • Sustainability of Ground Water Sources – Over exploitation for Irrigation; • Water Quality Problems in over 20,000 villages; • Absence of Planning for Drinking Water in construction of Lakes and Reservoirs; • Complexity of Regional Water Supply Schemes;
Challenges - Financial • Inadequate Resources for comprehensive coverage; • Inability to collect O & M Costs from users; • Ad hoc expenditure for Relief Measures;
Availability of Funds (Rs. in crores)
Rural Roads • Existing Network: • Major District Roads 33730 kms • Other District Roads • Rural /TDB/Panchayath Road 147212 kms Total 180942 kms
All Weather Roads Habitations with AWR - 3,506
Rural Roads* by Type of Surface * Other than Major District Roads
Funds for Development - Maintenance • Maintenance (XII FC + CMGSY) Rs. 362.25 Crores; • Development / Upgradation Rs. 20.00 Crores; • P.M.G.S.Y. Rs. 150.00 Crores; • Employment Generation Schemes Rs. 50.00 Crores; Total Rs.582.00 Crores
Issues • Maintenance of Rural Roads is inadequate / poor; • Upgradation taken up on piecemeal basis by ZPMs; • Development of Roads with poor specifications on • Road width; • Quality of surface; • C.D. works; and • Continuity;
PMGSY Issue: Capacity for Implementation
Rural SanitationPresent Status • Poor sanitation is the cause of high IMR, MMR & communicable Diseases.
Solid Waste ManagementIssues • Non Segregation of Animal Shelters & human dwellings • Poor quality of Internal Roads • Non System of Daily sweeping of streets • ‘Waste is Wealth’ attitude.
Possible Remedies • Adoption of scientific composting in common compost yards. • Provision of improved means transportation / intermediate storage • Improved quality of housing.
Drainage of Storm/Sullage Water • Improved Street Surface and scientific drainage systems to be designed • Suvarna Gramodaya approach to street surfacing & drainage • Greater awareness regarding maintenance of drains.