The Knee Clinic, All About Sports Injuries.

1. Sports Injury WELCOME TO THE KNEE KLINIK Centre of Excellence (COE) for Specialty Orthopedic & Joint Replacement Surgery Dr. Anshu S. R Sachdev is a Fellowship Trained Adult Joint Reconstruction & Arthroscopy Surgeon in Pune, India. He completed his Diploma in Orthopedic Surgery from Mumbai, DNB in orthopedic surgery from Pune and MNAMS from National Board, New Delhi. Dr. Sachdev has received training for Joint Replacement Surgery and Sports Injuries at some of the best Centers in Europe and Switzerland which includes Centre of Excellence for Joint Replacement Surgery (LKH, Austria) & Swiss Olympic Hospital (Switzerland). Dr. Sachdev's objective is to provide successful results by the use of advanced technology & latest operative techniques. He uses some of the most sophisticated methods to control pain and Hassel post-operative recovery. Dr. Sachdev's Knee & Joint Surgery Clinic is located at Pune, India. He is a consulting surgeon at various hospitals in India. http://www.kneeandjointsurgery.com/ 12/04/2017

2. Introduction Sports injuries are injuries that occur to athletes & participating in sporting events. In many cases, these types of injuries are due to overuse of a part of the body when participating in a certain activity. For example, runner's knee is a painful condition generally associated with running, while tennis elbow is a form of repetitive stress injury at the elbow, although it does not often occur with tennis players. Other types of injuries can be caused by a hard contact with something. This can often cause a broken bone or torn ligament or tendon. Injuries are a common occurrence in professional sports and most teams have a staff of Athletic Trainers and close connections to the medical community. Signs & Symptoms Inflammation is characterized by pain, localized swelling, heat, redness and a loss of function. Dr. Anshu Sachdev offers following surgeries & treatment associates with sport injury: Arthroscopic Surgeries Arthroscopy (also called arthroscopic surgery) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which an examination and sometimes treatment of damage of the interior of a joint is performed using an arthroscope, a type of endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision. Arthroscopic procedures are performed either to evaluate or to treat many orthopaedic conditions including torn floating cartilage, torn surface cartilage, ACL reconstruction, and trimming damaged cartilage. The advantage of arthroscopy over traditional open surgery is that the joint does not have to be opened up fully. Instead, for knee arthroscopy for example, only two small incisions are made - one for the arthroscope and one for the surgical instruments to be used in the knee cavity to fully remove the knee cap. This reduces recovery time and may increase the rate of surgical success due http://www.kneeandjointsurgery.com/ 12/04/2017

3. to less trauma to the connective tissue. It is especially useful for professional athletes, who frequently injure knee joints and require fast healing time. There is also less scarring, because of the smaller incisions. Irrigation fluid is used to distend the joint and make a surgical space. Sometimes this fluid leaks into the surrounding soft tissue causing extravasation and edema. The surgical instruments used are smaller than traditional instruments. Surgeons view the joint area on a video monitor, and can diagnose and repair torn joint tissue, such as ligaments and menisci or cartilage. It is technically possible to do an arthroscopic examination of almost every joint in the human body. The joints that are most commonly examined and treated by arthroscopy are the knee, shoulder, elbow, wrist, ankle, foot, and hip. Knee Ligament Injuries (ACL / PCL reconstruction) Anterior cruciate ligament injury ACL is the most commonly injured ligament of the knee. The injury is common during sports. Twisting of the knee is a common cause of over-stretching or tearing the ACL. When the ACL is injured one may hear a popping sound and the leg may suddenly give out. Besides swelling and pain, walking may be painful and the knee will feel unstable. Minor tears of the anterior cruciate ligament may heal over time, but a torn ACL requires surgery. After surgery, recovery is prolonged and low impact exercises are recommended to strengthen the joint. Posterior cruciate ligament The posterior cruciate ligament (or PCL) is one of the four major ligaments of the knee. It connects the posterior intercondylar area of the tibia to the medial condyle of the femur. This configuration allows the PCL to resist forces pushing the tibia posteriorly relative to the femur. The PCL does not heal on its own, so surgery is usually required in complete tears of the ligament. Surgery usually takes place after a few weeks, in order to allow swelling to decrease and regular motion to return to the knee. A procedure called ligament reconstruction is used to replace the torn PCL with a new ligament, which is usually a graft taken from the hamstring or Achilles tendon from a host cadaver. An arthroscope allows a http://www.kneeandjointsurgery.com/ 12/04/2017

4. complete evaluation of the entire knee joint, including the knee cap (patella), the cartilage surfaces, the meniscus, the ligaments (ACL & PCL), and the joint lining. Then, the new ligament is attached to the bone of the thigh and lower leg with screws to hold it in place. Shoulder Injuries (Rotator Cuff Injuries) The rotator cuff or rotor cuff is the group of muscles and their tendons that act to stabilize the shoulder. The four muscles of the rotator cuff, along with the teres major and the deltoid, make up the six scapulohumeral (those that connect to the humerus and scapula and act on the glenohumeral joint) muscles of the human body. Rotator cuff tears are tears of one or more of the four tendons of the rotator cuff muscles. A rotator cuff injury can include any type of irritation or damage to the rotator cuff muscles or tendons. Rotator cuff tears are among the most common conditions affecting the shoulder. The tendons of the rotator cuff, not the muscles, are most commonly torn. Of the four tendons, the supraspinatus is most frequently torn as it passes below the acromion; the tear usually occurs at its point of insertion onto the humeral head at the greater tuberosity. Patients suspected of having a rotator cuff tear are divided into two treatment groups initially: Each patient is initially a candidate for either operative or non-operative treatment, however patients are re-evaluated throughout the course of treatment and may move from one group to the other based on their clinical response and findings on repeated examination. Since many patients with partial tears and some even with complete tears can respond to non-operative management, generally conservative care is offered first. If a significant trauma such as a shoulder dislocation, or fracture, or high energy force is known to have been followed by complete to near complete loss of rotator cuff- mediated motion and strength, then an operative work-up is initiated with plans to proceed to surgery for repair, if confirmatory. Depending on the patients status there can be non-operative treatment or invasive treatment. Physiotherapy & Rehabilitation http://www.kneeandjointsurgery.com/ 12/04/2017

5. Thank You! The Orthopedic Specialty Clinic: Amber Park, Jogger’s Park Lane, Viman Nagar, Pune-411013 Helpline: +91 99234 06258 Telephone: +91 020 6500 0249 http://www.kneeandjointsurgery.com/ 12/04/2017