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The Coming of War

The Coming of War. Sectional strife and Politics. Balance of Free and Slave States (1821). Missouri Compromise • Missouri was admitted to the union as a slave state, and Maine was admitted as a free state. Maine (1820). Missouri (1821). Original 13 States. Free States. Slave States.

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The Coming of War

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  1. The Coming of War Sectional strife and Politics

  2. Balance of Free and Slave States (1821) Missouri Compromise • Missouri was admitted to the union as a slave state, and Maine was admitted as a free state. Maine (1820) Missouri (1821) Original 13 States Free States Slave States

  3. • Slavery was allowed in the part of the Louisiana Purchase south of the 36 , 30'N. • Slavery was banned north of 36 , 30'N, except for Missouri. Sectionalism – loyalty to a state or section rather than to the whole country.

  4. Sectional Differences The South vs North

  5. North Orig. settled for religious purpose (puritans) Factories and small family farms with livestock Social structure- more educated and more or less equal South Settled by farmers and set up for trade Agrarian. Many huge plantations with crops Slave based aristocratic based society Sectional Differences

  6. Southern Society (1850) “Slavocracy”[plantation owners] 6,000,000 The “Plain Folk”[white yeoman farmers] Black Freemen 250,000 Black Slaves3,200,000 Total US Population  23,000,000[9,250,000 in the South = 40%]

  7. Southern Agriculture

  8. Value of Cotton Exports As % of All US Exports

  9. Changes in Cotton Production 1820 1860

  10. Slaves Picking Cottonon a Mississippi Plantation

  11. Slaves Using the Cotton Gin

  12. Slaves Workingin a Sugar-Boiling House, 1823

  13. Slave Auction Notice, 1823

  14. Slave Auction: Charleston, SC-1856

  15. Slave Accoutrements Slave MasterBrands Slave muzzle

  16. Slave-Owning Population (1850)

  17. Southern Pro-SlaveryPropaganda

  18. Slave debate continues • South vs. North • New land, same debate • Big Problem= Runaways • Constitutional Arguments • Should slavery expand west?

  19. ART.4 SEC. 2 • Section 2 - State citizens, Extradition • The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States. • A Person charged in any State with treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime. • (No Person held to Service or Labour in one State, under the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in Consequence of any Law or Regulation therein, be discharged from such Service or Labour, But shall be delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service or Labour may be due.) • (This clause in parentheses is superseded by the 13th Amendment)

  20. Compromise of 1850 I. California became a free state. II. The rest of the Mexican Cession was divided into two parts; Utah (UT) and New Mexico (NM). * people in UT and NM used popular sovereignty to decide on the slavery issue III. The slave trade ended in Washington, D.C. IV. The Fugitive Slave Law was passed.

  21. Runaway Slave Ads

  22. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 • Sold 300,000 copies inthe first year. • 2 million in a decade!

  23. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

  24. “Bleeding Kansas” Border “Ruffians”(pro-slavery Missourians)

  25. New Parties Republican Party (1854) • Northern Whigs • Free-Soilers • Anti Slavery Democrats

  26. The “Know-Nothings” [The American Party] • Nativists • Anti-Immigrant • Anti-Catholic • And… …listened to Justin Biber!

  27. 1856 Presidential Election I Know Nothing! Do You Know something? √James Buchanan John C. Frémont Millard Fillmore Democrat Republican Know- Nothing

  28. 1856Election Results

  29. Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857

  30. The Lincoln-Douglas (Illinois Senate) Debates, 1858

  31. Do Now: Read the following quote by Abraham Lincoln. “‘A house divided against itself cannot stand.’ I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall – but I do expect it will cease too be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other. Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the further spread of it…or its (supporters) will push it forward till it shall become…lawful in all the states, old as well as new, North as well as South.” What point is Lincoln making about the future faced by the United States?

  32. John Brown’s Raidon Harper’s Ferry, 1859

  33. John Brown: Madman, Hero or Martyr?

  34. 1860PresidentialElection √Abraham LincolnRepublican John BellConstitutional Union Stephen A. DouglasNorthern Democrat John C. BreckinridgeSouthern Democrat

  35. 1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

  36. 1860 Election Results

  37. Secession!: SC Dec. 20, 1860

  38. Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861 AAUGH!

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