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Gamma Knife Radiosurgery

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery. By: Tou Hmong Khang Biomedical Engineering BME 281 Section 1. Background. Also known as Stereotactic Radiosurgery Type of radiation treatment used commonly for brain tumors and other abnormalities of the head

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Gamma Knife Radiosurgery

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  1. Gamma Knife Radiosurgery By: Tou Hmong Khang Biomedical Engineering BME 281 Section 1

  2. Background • Also known as Stereotactic Radiosurgery • Type of radiation treatment used commonly for brain tumors and other abnormalities of the head • Investigated in the 1950s by Dr. Borje Larsson and Dr. Lars Leksell • First Gamma Knife device constructed in 1967 • Requires no incisions

  3. Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion

  4. Device Operation • Focuses and delivers 192 beams to target tumor/lesion etc. • Collimator • 4mm, 8mm and 16mm • Radiation only distorts and destroys abnormal cells • Long term affect

  5. Collimator

  6. What it looks likes

  7. General Procedures • Head Frame • Imaging • Treatment Planning • Treat

  8. Post Treatment • On average with in about a day • Back to normal activities • Receive Follow up appointments with Doctor

  9. Case Study: Acoustic Neuroma • 75-year-old woman • Left-sided tinnitus and progressive sensorineural hearing loss • MRI scans revealed 2.7 cc left-sided enhancing mass • Acoustic Neuroma

  10. Before and After Results • Treatment delivered in less than 1 hour • Returned to normal activities later that day • Semi-annual follow-up • Improvement of tinnitus, functional hearing in left ear • After three years, MRI reveals 0.5 cc residual mass • Greater than 80% reduction in size

  11. Cost of GKRS • GKRS vs Open Surgery • Across 3 years • Average 12 month cost of Open surgery • Brain metastases - $55,938 • Acoustic Neuroma - $67,538 • Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM) - $78,332 • Average 12 month cost of GKRS • Brain metastases - $23,069 • Acoustic Neuroma - $37,840 • Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM) - $46,293

  12. Disadvantages • Small risk of advertise radiation affects(2-4%) resulting in swelling • Common Early Complications • Rare Early Complications • Rare Delayed Complications • Long term affects not ideal for immediate affects

  13. Conclusion • Cost effective • Better alternative to open surgery • Possible whole body Gamma Knife Radiosurgery implementation

  14. References • [1] Gamma Knife Overview. (2015, November 16). <http://www.beaumontgammaknife.org/overview.html> • [2] Gamma Knife Sugery: Pros and Cons. (2015, November 16). <http://www.odec.ca/projects/2006/cham6m2/prosandcons.html> • [3] Caruso, JP, Moosa, S, Fezeu, F, Ramesh, A, Sheehan, JP. (2015, November 16). A cost comparative study of Gamma Knife radiosurgery versus open surgery for intracranial pathology. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25444994> • [4]Taban, A. (2015, November 14). A gamma knifre case study: Acoustic Neuroma. <http://drashertaban.com/services-case-studies.php> • [5] Gamma Knifre Radiosurgery. (2015, November 14). <http://www.columbianeurosurgery.org/conditions/gamma-knife-radiosurgery/> • [6]Niranjan, A. (2015, November 14). Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Current Technique. <http://www.wfns.org/pages/read_the_reviews/97.php?rid=52> • [7] The Gamma Knifre: A Technical Overview. (2015, November 14). <http://www.medicine.virginia.edu/clinical/departments/neurosurgery/gammaknife/overview-page> • [8] MayoClinic: Brain Stereotactic radiosurgery. (2015, November 14). <http://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/brain-stereotactic-radiosurgery/basics/definition/prc-20014760> • [9] RWJ University Hospital. (2015, November 16). Gamma Knife. <http://www.rwjuh.edu/gamma-knife/gamma-knife-center.aspx>

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