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Psychological Approaches

Explore different psychological approaches to understanding and treating problems, including psychoanalytic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, biological, and sociocultural perspectives.

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Psychological Approaches

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  1. Psychological Approaches

  2. Psychoanalytic Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Problems are symptoms of unresolved conflicts • Focus: • Inner, unconscious motivations • Attempts to resolve conflicts between personal needs and social requirements

  3. Psychoanalytic Approach • Approach to therapy: • Understand internal conflicts/trauma • Make conscious the relationship between overt problems and unresolved issues • Work through problems to reach effective solution

  4. Behavioral Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Problems are the result of learned, self-defeating behaviors • Focus: • Observable behavior • Conditions that sustain unhealthy behavior

  5. Behavioral Approach • Approach to therapy : • Apply principles of conditioning and reinforcement and people can learn healthy behaviors

  6. Cognitive Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Problems are a result of WHAT and HOW we think • Including distorted views of self, faulty reasoning, and poor problem solving • Focus: • Thoughts and thought processes that cause problems

  7. Cognitive Approach • Approach to therapy: • Reconfigure thought patterns so people can learn healthy, realistic ways of thinking

  8. Humanistic Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Problems are the result of issues in daily life • Esp. a lack of meaningful relationships and significant goals

  9. Humanistic Approach • Focus: • Unite the mind and body (the “whole” person) • Release potential for greater levels of performance and rich experiences • Approach to therapy : • Examine current experiences and learn to realize full potential

  10. Biological Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Psychological issues stem from underlying biological (physical) causes • Structural abnormalities of the brain, biochemical processes, genetics

  11. Biological Approach • Focus: • Target the “hardware” of the body • Nervous System, Endocrine System, and Metabolism • Approach to therapy : • Alter brain or body functioning • Drugs, surgery, electroconvulsive therapy

  12. Sociocultural Approach • Where do problems come from?: • Culture, politics, socioeconomic status affect behavior • Focus: • Learned cultural norms and behaviors • Approach to therapy : • Reinforcing positive cultural beliefs, traditions, and behaviors • Reconciling personal cultural beliefs with overall social norms

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