China’s Technical Cooperation in Statistics: Past and Future

1. China’s Technical Cooperation in Statistics: Past and Future Qiu Xiaohua Deputy Commissioner National Bureau of Statistics of China May 11, 2004

2. China’s Technical Cooperationin Statistics: Past and Future • Introduction • Main Historical development • Main Achievements • Main Guiding Principles • Main Future Orientations • Conclusion

3. Introduction • 1979：China’s Economic Reform Program • Market Economic Structure • Social Development and Progress • Current Problems • Two Major Challenges • China’s Statistics: Progress

4. I. Main Historical Development • Before 1979 • 1979 • 1982 Population Census • 1980s • Since 1990 • Canada/Germany/IMF

5. Before 1979 • Closed Statistics • Purpose: Checking Plans • Data Collection: Comprehensive Reports • MPS：Material and Non-Material • Data Dissemination • International Cooperation

6. 1979 • China’s Reform Policy • Necessity: Requirements for Statistics • Possibility: International Experience

7. 1982 Population Census • Landmark Project • International Technical Cooperation • UN System • Country Experience: Canada, Germany, Italy • Successful Census

8. 1980s • Bilateral Cooperation • 1980：Japan • 1984：USA • 1985：Canada • Multilateral Cooperation • World Bank • IMF • ADB • Achievements

9. Since 1990s • Extensive International Cooperation • China Agricultural Census Project • Italian Government and FAO • Achievements

10. Canada, Germany and IMF • Canada: SIMP • 1996－2004 • 9.9 million Canadian dollars • Germany: Reorganization of Industrial and Transport Statistics • 1996－2002 • 5 million DM • IMF：GDDS • 2002: Entry

11. II. Main Achievements • Shift of Ideas • Shift from Closed Statistics to Open Statistics • Shift from the Rule by People to the Rule by Law • Shift from MPS to SNA • Shift from Domestic Standards to International Standards • Shift from Traditional Reports to Other Surveys • Shift from Manual Processing to Electronic Processing

12. Shift of Ideas • International Experience: Common Wealth • Important for China’s Statistics • Encouraging China’s Technical Cooperation

13. Shift from Closed Statistics to Open Statistics • Statistical Products • Past: For Government • Now: Society • Government • Research • News Media • Enterprises • Public • International Community

14. Shift from the Rule by People to the Rule by Law • Statistics Act: 1984 • Revision of Statistics Act: 1996 • Census Act • UK • USA • Singapore • Australia

15. Shift from MPS to SNA • Late 1980s：Introduction of SNA • Now: 1993 SNA

16. Shift from Domestic Standards to International Standards • Classifications • Concepts and Definitions

17. Shift from Traditional Reports to Other Surveys • Comprehensive Reports: Reduced • Sample Surveys: Increased

18. Shift from Manual Processing to Electronic Processing • Application of IT in Statistics • China-Canada: SIMP • Databank Project • Metadata Project

19. III. Main Guiding Principles • To Introduce International Standards • To Gain Support from Managements • To Meet Requirements of All Parties • To Emphasize on Capacity Building • To Make Resources Available

20. To Introduce International Standards • Norms and Standards • Application • Reforms Process

21. To Gain Support • China’s Reform Policy • MOFCOM • NBS • Ministries and Local Statistical Offices • Federal Statistical Office of Germany • Statistics Canada • IMF

22. To Meet Requirements of All Parties • Donor Party • Coordinating Agency • Executing Agency • Recipient Party • Coordinating Agency • Executing Agency • Federal Statistical Office of Germany

23. To Emphasize on Capacity Building • Critical：Knowledge to Capacity • SIMP: Databank and Metadata • Development Capacity • Expanding the Capacity

24. To Make Resources Available • Resources and Own Orientation • Benefits and Responsibilities • SIMP Household Survey: Local Commitment

25. IV. Main Future Orientations • To Help Make Harmonized Statistical Development • To Help Develop Social Statistics • To Help Apply IT • To Help Focus on Knowledge Transfer • To Help Encourage Extensive Participation

26. To Help Make Harmonized Statistical Development • Official System：NBS、Ministries and Local • Coordination of Official System • Dialogue With Users • National Accounts and Subject Matter Statistics • Statistical Standards • Data Collection • Data Dissemination

27. To Help Develop Social Statistics • Fields of Social Statistics • Social Development vs. Economic Development • New Development Strategy Expressed by Chinese Government

28. To Help Apply IT • Reasons • Organizational Restructuring • IT Progress • IT: A Solution to Demand and Supply

29. To Help Focus on Knowledge Transfer • Past: Equipment Assistance • Now: Knowledge Transfer • Forms of Knowledge Transfer

30. To Help Encourage Extensive Participation • Official Statistics：NBS、Ministries and Local Statistical Offices • Poor Regions • Academic People • Help the International Technical Cooperation • Help Own Teaching and Research

31. Conclusion

32. Thank You!