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Mineral Properties

Learn about mineral properties like color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and more. Understand how these characteristics help identify different minerals. Explore the physical and chemical aspects that define minerals.

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Mineral Properties

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  1. Mineral Properties

  2. Physical Properties of Minerals • Color • Streak • Hardness • Cleavage or Fracture • Crystalline Structure • Magnetism • Luster • Chemical Composition • Specific Gravity (density)

  3. Color • 18 Of the mineral properties, color is the least accurate for figuring out a mineral’s identity • 23 The purest color of quartz is clear because it has the fewest impurities inside of it

  4. Streak • 13 A mineral’s streak is the powder left behind when a mineral scratches against a streak plate. • 14 The color of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white, unglazed porcelain is called the streak.

  5. Streak

  6. Luster • 20 This characteristic is how light reflects off the mineral.

  7. Luster • 21 Metallic and nonmetallic describes a mineral’s luster

  8. Another Property • Cleavage or Fracture

  9. Cleavage • 15 Cleavage is the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces.

  10. Cleavage • 17 A Diamond breaks evenly and this is called cleavage.

  11. Fracture • 15 Fracture is the tendency of minerals to break into irregular pieces.

  12. Fracture • 16 Quartz breaks unevenly and this is called fracture

  13. Hardness • This physical property is expressed in numbers and shows how the substance withstands being scratched.

  14. 10 Minerals are identified by Hardness is tested by scratching

  15. Hardness • What is Mohs' hardness scale? • 9 A scale from 1 to 10 that measures the hardness of minerals.

  16. Hardness • Which is the softest?

  17. Hardness • Which is the hardest?

  18. 11 What physical properties can be expressed in numbers and shows how that substance withstands being scratched? Hardness

  19. Other Properties • Magnetism • Crystalline Structure • Chemical Composition • Specific Gravity (density)

  20. Do you have all 9? • Color • Streak • Hardness • Cleavage or Fracture • Crystalline Structure • Magnetism • Luster • Chemical Composition • Specific Gravity (density)

  21. 19 The most common classification of minerals is based on chemical composition. • 22 This is considered a special property that applies to only a few minerals. Magnetism.

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