Effective Integration Policies in European Cities: CLIP Networking for Results

1. Regions for Economic Change: Networking for ResultsMigrants and the City: Towards Successful IntegrationAnna LudwinekEuropean Foundation

2. Context • Important role of cities in the integration of migrants • Implementation of national integration policies • Innovative local policy developments • Indirect part of the emerging coordination process on migration policy on EU level (‘global approach to migration’) • Role of EU • Increasing role of EU on migration and integration policies • Role of CLIP (Cities for Local Integration Policy) • Support cities, EU institutions, Social Partners, migrant organisation, NGOs • Role of research • Provide knowledge and expertise • Support dialogue

3. What is CLIP? • Cities for Local Integration Policies for migrants • Network 30 European cities managed by the European Foundation (EU-Agency): Start January 2006 • Strategic partners: (CoE, CoR, CEMR, ENAR) • Research support by six leading European research centres • Policy Objectives • Improve local integration policies and practice on the European, national, regional and local level • Organise a systematic exchange of experience on ‘what works’ between local authorities in Europe • Support the articulation between the European and the local level on good experience in order to deliver a more effective integration policy for migrants

4. How does CLIP operate • Effective peer review process between cities by describing, comparing and evaluating local policies • Combine analysis with action research, build-up trust • Involve organisations of migrants, NGOs, Social partners • Themes • Housing conditions and segregation of migrants • Personnel policy of local authorities and provision of social services for migrants • Intercultural relations in particular with Muslim communities • Ethnic entrepreneurship • Output • Case studies, comparative analysis, practical policy recommendations

5. Conditions for successful dissemination and networking - examples • Representative, active and stable network of cities • Cities are subjects of the research process and not only objects • Case studies based on a wide range of methods • Use of experience and knowledge of city administrators • ‘Experts in their own right’ • Need to develop a close, trustful and effective cooperation between research group and cities • Examples: • Regional seminars (2008- German speaking countries, Italian - 2009) • Use of European Integration Fund (Stuttgart) • Future activities?? • Monitoring, evaluation system

6. Diversity and equality policy of CLIP cities • CLIP focused on two areas • Personnel policy of cities for migrants • Administration • Service provision • Companies in public ownership • Service provision for migrants • Background and importance: • Local authorities are often the largest or second largest single employer in the city • Cities are key service providers to migrants • Local authorities are a significant employer in Europe (4-6%) • Contribution of CLIP • 25 case studies in European cities • Overview report and policy recommendations

7. Employment profile of migrant workers in local authorities: Availability of informationon ethnic background • Over 40% cities have no information as regards migrant employees in their staff • Total numbers • Occupation or positions of migrants in their workforce • Different views and practices on monitoring Source: European Labour Force Survey 2007

8. Share of migrant employees in local authorities in comparison to population Source: CLIP study on equality and diversity in jobs and services in European cities, 2008

9. Employment profile of migrant employees in local authorities: Quality of employment • Concentrated in manual/ less senior posts e.g. Stuttgart • Overall figure (services and companies owned): 10% • Administration: 7% • Companies owned: 25% • Highest and higher grades: 1 to 3% • Clerical grade: 8% • Manual grade: 41% • High % of migrants with short term contracts • Higher % of migrants contracted and outsourced services • Results regarding low quality of employment of migrants are confirmed for EU by “Employment in Europe Report 2008”

10. Contribution of the network towards policy-making - recommendations EU level • Provide guidance for cities on concepts, terminology, legal obligations and good practice • E.g. difference between equality and diversity management • E.g. extent to which contracts with external service providers can meet equality standards without breaching EU procurement rules • Publication on new Commission website on integration • Review legal restrictions on access of non-EEA nationals to municipal jobs • Investigate: rationale, impact and necessity • Consider ‘reasonable’ restrictions • Recommendation for EES: Stress the importance of cities as direct employers of migrants and as role models for the private sector (Czech Presidency)

11. Contribution of the network towards policy-making - recommendations national and local level • National – procedures on recognition of qualifications, migrants rights • Local – move beyond antidiscrimination procedures, effective monitoring, review legal and procedural barriers to jobs, recruitment methods, diversity into contracts with external providers Copenhagen, Stuttgart, Wolverhampton) , consultation with migrant organisations

12. Thank you anna.ludwinek@eurofound.europa.eu