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Before Reading_Main Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 1. Discussion 2. London A brief introduction to London Some famous places of interest in London 3. Education in U. K. 4. Questions and Answers

Before Reading_1.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Discussion Look at the pictures of various jobs. Answer the following questions with a partner.

Before Reading_1.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading • How are these people similar? How are they different? • 2. Would you like to be a teacher? Why or why not? • 3. If you have no other choice but to be a teacher, what kind of teacher do you want to be? Why? • 4. Can you tell us something about the best teacher of yours in your life?

Before Reading_2.11 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading A brief introduction to London

Before Reading_2.12 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading London is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom. The city covers 1,580 sq km and has a population of 6,378,600 (1991). Settled by the Romans as an important shipping point for crops and minerals, it gradually developed into the wealthy capital of a thriving industrial and agricultural nation. The expansion in the 19th century of the British Empire increased London’s influence still further. Since World War II the city’s prominence on the international stage has diminished, but it remains a flourishing financial center and home to one of the world’s most important stock exchanges. ■

Before Reading_2.21 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Some famous places of interest in London • Big Ben • Tower Bridge • The Tower of London • Buckingham Palace • Trafalgar Square • The British Museum • The National Gallery

Before Reading_2.22 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading • Big Ben Big Ben is a famous bell in the Clock Tower of the Houses of Parliament in London. The bell weighs about 15 short tons (14 metric tons). It stands 7.5 feet (2.3 meters) high and has a diameter of 9 feet (2.7 meters). Big Ben first tolled in 1859. ■

Before Reading_2.23 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 2. Tower Bridge The Tower Bridge crosses the River Thames in the East End of London. It was completed in 1894 in a revival of the Gothic style of the Middle Ages. The Tower of London, a former fortress and prison, is nearby. ■

Before Reading_2.24 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 3. The Tower of London The Tower of London, located on the northern bank of the Thames River, was built around 1078. It was used alternately as a fortress, royal residence, and state prison in its early years. Today, it is maintained as an arsenal with a garrison, and is open to the public. The well-preserved Norman and medieval structures cover nearly 7.2 hectares (18 acres). ■

Before Reading_2.25 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 4. Buckingham Palace Buckingham Palace in Westminster is the official London residence of the British sovereign. Its interior, open to the public during August and September while the Queen is on holiday, contains many elegantly furnished apartments and a superb art collection. Funds raised from the summer visits go towards repairing Windsor Castle, damaged by fire in 1992. takes place outside Buckingham Palace. The Ceremony of the Changing of the Guard ■ ■

Before Reading_2.26 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 5.Trafalgar Square Trafalgar Square in central London is one of the city's most popular sites. It is named for a famous naval battle of 1805 in which Admiral Horatio Nelson led the British fleet to victory. A statue of Nelson stands atop the tall column in the center of the square. ■

Before Reading_2.27 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 6. The British Museum British Museum, in London, is among the oldest of the world's great national museums. Many of its collections are among the finest in the world. The museum was founded in 1753 by an act of Parliament after Sir Hans Sloane, a British physician and botanist, willed his collections to the nation. The museum opened on Jan. 15, 1759, in Montagu House in London's West End. In 1847, a new building replaced Montagu House, and many additions have since been made. The British Museum attracts more than 4 million visitors a year. ■

Before Reading_2.28 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 7. The National Gallery The National Gallery in Trafalgar Square, London, houses the national collection of European paintings, comprising more than 2,000 pictures dating from the late 13th to the early 20th century. The pictures belong to the public and access to them is free, as it has been since the Gallery was first founded in 1824. The National Gallery has the most comprehensive collection of Italian Renaissance paintings outside Italy. The museum also has impressive collections of works by Rembrandt and other Dutch artists. ■

Before Reading_3.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Education in U. K. 1. British state schools Old system – “eleven plus” examination Under the old system, children took an examination called the “eleven plus” at the age of eleven. If they passed this examination, they went to a grammar school (high school) and if they failed, they went to a secondary modern school.

Before Reading_3.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading New system – “streamed” & “unstreamed” school Under the new system, there is no “eleven plus” examination, and the grammar schools and secondary modern schools have been replaced by large comprehensive schools. Some comprehensives are “streamed”; others are “unstreamed”. In a streamed school, pupils are placed into classes according to their ability. Children of high ability are in the “A” stream, those of lesser ability in the “B” stream and so on. In an unstreamed school, children of mixed ability are placed together in the classes.

Before Reading_3.3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 2. Some famous universities in Britain Oxford University The United Kingdom’s oldest institution of higher learning, Oxford University, is a federation of 35 colleges, each with its own structure and activities. Many prominent people have attended All Souls College, shown here. Cambridge University Founded in the 13th century, Cambridge University is one of the oldest educational institutions in Europe and one of the most prestigious universities in the world. Among its many distinguished graduates are Charles Darwin, John Maynard Keynes, Oliver Cromwell and John Milton.

Before Reading_4.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Questions and Answers • What jobs do you think are the best ones nowadays? Why? • Where would you like to find a job after you graduate from school, in a big city or in a small town? Why? • At present, some undergraduates fail to find a job immediately after graduation. If you were one of them, what would you do then? • There still exists sexual discrimination against the female in job market in China. What’s your opinion on it?

Globe Reading_main Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 1. Part Division of the Text 2. Rearrange the Order of the Pictures 3. Further Understanding For Part 1 True or False For Part 2 Complete the Missing Information of the Story For Part 3 Discussion 4. Words Scanning

Globe Reading1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Part Division of the Text Parts Lines Main Ideas the reason why the young man wanted to find a job 1 1 — 7 his disappointing experience to find the job 2 8 — 49 the most important reason why he refused the job 3 50 — 51

Globe Reading2. Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Rearrange the Order of the Pictures 5 ______ ______ 1 ______ 4 3 ______ 2 ______

Globe Reading2. Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading

Globe Reading3.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading True or False ( ) F 1. The young man got some information about a job in a London newspaper. The story doesn’t tell us. 2. The young man was a college student wanting to find a part-time job. ( ) F He was waiting to enter university. 3. In Britain, a degree and working experience are very important in job hunting. ( ) T ( ) F 4. The young man applied for a job as a teacher because he liked the job. Because he was short of money and wanted to do something useful. 5. When the young man applied for the job, he didn’t feel confident. ( ) T

____________________ _______________ ____________________ ________________ ___________________ _______ Globe Reading3.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Complete the Missing Information of the Story ___________________________ • 1. Three days later, the young man was . • 2. The journey to the school . • 3. The young man was so worn out that he . • 4. The school and the headmaster • . • After being asked some questions, the young man felt • . • 6. The young man was supposed to teach twenty-four boys • . • 7. For such demanding work, the young man’s salary was . asked to show up for an interview ___________________________ proved to be long and awkward ____________________ didn’t even feel nervous ____________________ didn’t appear attracting didn’t make a favorable impression on him he and the headmaster had little in common in turn at three different levels ______________ only ￡12 a week

TIP Globe Reading3.3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Discussion 1. Did the young man accept the job? Why or why not? No, he didn’t. There were two reasons. The first reason was that the teaching set-up was too heavy. The second and the more important one is that he didn’t want to be an inferior to a woman. 2. What can you infer from the end of the story? In answering this question, you can consider the following aspects: 1) What kind of person is the young man? (Useful expressions: male is superior to female; work hard and endure hardships / be hard- working and unafraid of hardships） 2) What kinds of things should we pay attention to in hunting a job? (Useful expressions: salary; working conditions; interpersonal relationships; the opportunity for promotion; give full play to one’s talent / bring a person’s talent into full play; stability of the job)

Globe Reading4 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Words Scanning Find out the words showing Michael’s disappointment before and during the interview. awkward journey; too depressed to feel nervous; struggle to survive ; short and fat; with an air of surprised disapproval; as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlace were undone; The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes; He grunted...; I was dismayed at…; Worse perhaps was the idea…; Before I could protest… ; This was the last straw…; the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.

Article Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Trying to make some money before entering university, the author applies for a teaching job. But the interview goes from bad to worse ...

Article1_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.

Article2_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school was a red brick house with big windows. The front garden was a gravel square; four evergreen shrubs stood at each corner, where they struggled to survive the dust and fumes from a busy main road. It was clearly the headmaster himself that opened the door. He was short and fat. He had a sandy-coloured moustache, a wrinkled forehead and hardly any hair.

Article3_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. ‘Ah yes,’ he grunted. ‘You’d better come inside.’ The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. ‘You’d better sit down,’ he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boy’s education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.

Article4_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry —two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

Article5_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading I said shyly, ‘What would my salary be?’ ‘Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.’ Before I could protest, he got to his feet. ‘Now’, he said, ‘you’d better meet my wife. She’s the one who really runs this school.’ This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.

Article1_S1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 1. What is the object of “saw”? The object of “saw” is “a teaching post”. 2. Why does the author write in this way? Because the object has a lengthy modifier, it needs to be postponed in order that the whole sentence has “end weight”. More example: However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. We heard from his own lips the story of how he had been caught in a trap for days without food.

Article1_S2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 1. Is “that-clause” in this sentence the object of “applied” or “fearing”? “That-clause” is the object of “fearing”. 2. What does “did so” refer to and why does the author use in this way? “did so” refers to “applied”. The author writes in this way to avoid repeating the main verb. Usually “do so” is used to refer to the same action, with the same subject that was mentioned before. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. More example: Tom promised to get the tickets, and he will do so without fail by tomorrow.

Article1_S3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. What’s the meaning of “awkward” in this sentence? It means “not convenient” or “difficult”. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.

Article1_S4 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. What can we infer from this sentence? The journey from his home to the school was very bad. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.

Article3_S1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. ‘Ah yes,’ he grunted. ‘You’d better come inside.’ The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. ‘You’d better sit down,’ he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boy’s education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common. 1. What does the last word “them” refers to? It refer to “games”. 2. Translate this sentence into Chinese. 我含含糊糊地说了一些不必太重视游戏之类的话。

Article4_S1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 整个教学计划把我吓坏了。 The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry —two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

Article4_S2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. Why does the author use “at” before “which-clause”? It has something to do with the word “incompetent”. Usually we use “be (in)competent at / in sth.”. According to the grammar, we can put a preposition before “wh-clause”. The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry —two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time. More example: The problem about which I consulted you has now been solved. I have no information about what he specialized in. He is clever and quick at his work, for which he is honored with the title of a model worker.

Article4_S3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. Paraphrase this sentence. The idea of Saturday afternoon cricket was perhaps worse for at that time most of my friends would be free. The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry —two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

Article5_S1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading I said shyly, ‘What would my salary be?’ ‘Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.’ Before I could protest, he got to his feet. ‘Now’, he said, ‘you’d better meet my wife. She’s the one who really runs this school.’ This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity. Translate this sentence into Chinese. 还没等我提出异议，他已经站了起来。

Article5_S2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 1. Paraphrase this sentence. I said shyly, ‘What would my salary be?’ ‘Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.’ Before I could protest, he got to his feet. ‘Now’, he said, ‘you’d better meet my wife. She’s the one who really runs this school.’ This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity. This was really the worse coming to the worst and too much to put up with. 2. What can we learn from this sentence? It shows that the young man had not been satisfied with what the headmaster told him before he learned that headmaster’s wife was his boss. By the way, the phrase “the last straw” comes from a proverb: It is the last straw that breaks the camel's back. (最后添加的一根稻草压断了骆驼的脊背。) More example: Then when he asked me for money, which was the last straw, I told him to get out. The hotel was expensive, the food poor, and bad weather was the last straw.

Article1_W Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous.

Article3_W Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone. ‘Ah yes,’ he grunted. ‘You’d better come inside.’ The narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; the walls were dirty with ink marks; it was all silent. His study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet, was also his dining-room. ‘You’d better sit down,’ he said, and proceeded to ask me a number of questions: what subjects I had taken in my General School Certificate; how old I was; what games I played; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes, he asked me whether I thought games were a vital part of a boy’s education. I mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. He grunted. I had said the wrong thing. The headmaster and I obviously had very little in common.

Article4_W Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons. The teaching set-up filled me with fear. I should have to divide the class into three groups and teach them in turn at three different levels; and I was dismayed at the thought of teaching algebra and geometry — two subjects at which I had been completely incompetent at school. Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.

Article5_W Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading I said shyly, ‘What would my salary be?’ ‘Twelve pounds a week plus lunch.’ Before I could protest, he got to his feet. ‘Now’, he said, ‘you’d better meet my wife. She’s the one who really runs this school.’ This was the last straw. I was very young: the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.

Article1_W_advertise Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading My First Job Robert Best advertise: v. While I was waiting to enter university, I saw advertised in a local newspaper a teaching post at a school in a suburb of London about ten miles from where I lived. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing as I did so, that without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim. 1) make known to people by means of mass media They no longer advertise alcohol or cigarettes at sporting events. Many companies will only advertise in the Sunday paper. 2) ask (for someone or something) by placing an advertisement in a newspaper, shop window, etc. 我们应该登广告招人来照料花园。 However, three days later a letter arrived, asking me to go to Croydon for an interview. It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station; a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. We should advertise for someone to look after the garden. I see they're advertising for a new Sales Director.

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