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Structure of a Leaf and Pigments

Structure of a Leaf and Pigments. Cuticle. Upper epidermis. Palisade mesophyll cells. Vein or vascular bundle. Chloroplast. Xylem (water up). (little circles). Spongy mesophyll cell. Phloem cells (glucose down). (opening). Guard cell. Stoma. Structure of a Leaf and Pigments.

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Structure of a Leaf and Pigments

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  1. Structure of a Leaf and Pigments

  2. Cuticle Upper epidermis Palisade mesophyll cells Vein or vascular bundle Chloroplast Xylem (water up) (little circles) Spongy mesophyll cell Phloem cells (glucose down) (opening) Guard cell Stoma Structure of a Leaf and Pigments

  3. Stoma – opening in a leafs surface which is responsible for gas exchange.

  4. Guard Cells– Responsible for the opening and closing of the stomata.

  5. Cuticle – thin, waxy layer that prevents moisture loss in leaves.

  6. Upper Epidermis– Protective layer of leaves/shields the underlying cells.

  7. Plaisade Mesophyll– Primary site of photosynthesis (most chloroplasts are located here).

  8. Spongy Mesophyll– Loosely packed photosynthetic cells that allow space for gases. Contains fewer chloroplast and stores sugars and amino acids.

  9. Vascular Bundle– The veins of the leaves. Includes the Xylem, Phloem, and bindle sheath.

  10. Bundle Sheath– Protects the transport cells (Xylem and Phloem)

  11. Pigments • Chlorophylls • A and B • Makes photosynthesis possible by passing its energized electrons on to molecules which will manufacture sugars.

  12. Pigments • Carotenoids • Usually red, orange, or yellow pigments. • Includes the compound carotene • Responsible for carrots orange color. • Cannot transfer sunlight energy directly to the photosynthetic pathway, but must pass their absorbed energy to chlorophyll.

  13. Pigments • Anthocyanins • Red pigments • Protect leaves from the sun, giving the leaves extra time to absorb essential nutrients. • “If chlorophyll is the beach umbrella, anthocyanins are the sunscreen”

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