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Phases of Organizational Change

Phases of Organizational Change. March 20, 2009 Mary Rodman mer265@psu.edu. Phases of Organizational Change. Readiness Adoption and Implementation Institutionalization. (Armenakis, Harris, & Feild, 1999). Stages of Change in Human Behavior. Pre-contemplation Contemplation

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Phases of Organizational Change

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  1. Phases of Organizational Change March 20, 2009 Mary Rodman mer265@psu.edu

  2. Phases of Organizational Change • Readiness • Adoption and Implementation • Institutionalization (Armenakis, Harris, & Feild, 1999)

  3. Stages of Change in Human Behavior • Pre-contemplation • Contemplation • Decision making • Action • Maintenance (McConnaughy, DiCLemente, Prochaska, & Velicer, 1989)

  4. Readiness Adoption and implementation Institutionalization Pre-contemplation Contemplation Decision making Action Maintenance Comparison of Stages of Organizational and Human Change

  5. Changing Human Behavior • Pre-contemplation—Problem, what problem??!! • Contemplation—There may be a problem, and maybe it should be fixed. Or maybe not. • Decision making—There is a problem that needs to be fixed, and I am going to fix it this way. • Action—I am doing something to fix the problem. • Maintenance—I might slip occasionally, but I am not going to return to the old behavior.

  6. Changing Organizational Behavior • Readiness—Who thinks there is a problem, why and how important is it, why and how am I involved, why would I want to change it, do I have the ability and resources to change it? • Adoption andimplementation—Is this the best way to fix the problem, what is my role, what do I get out of this if it is successful? • Institutionalization—How can we support people to keep from returning to the old way?

  7. Readiness • “Readiness is the cognitive precursor to the behaviors of either resistance to, or support for, a change effort.” (Armenakis, Harris,, & Mossholder, 1993, p. 681)

  8. Readiness vs. Resistance • Readiness is before resistance • Readiness strategies can unfreeze behaviors, attitudes, and beliefs • Readiness activities and strategies can minimize or reduce resistance • Readiness strategies can make the difference in the attitude toward change

  9. References Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G. (2002). Crafting a change message to create transformational readiness. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 15, 169-183. Armenakis, A. A., Harris, S. G., & Mossholder, K. W. (1993). Creating readiness for organizational change. Human Relations, 46, 681-704. McConnaughy, E. A., DiClemente, C. C., Prochaska, J. O., & Velicer, W. F., (1989). Stages of change in psychotherapy: A follow-up report. Psychotherapy, 26, 494-503.

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