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Poetic Devices

Poetic Devices. Sound Devices. Rhyme. Rhyme: Single Rhyme. Love, dove. Double Rhyme. Napping tapping. Triple Rhyme. Mournfully, scornfully. Imperfect Rhyme. Two words that look alike, but don’t sound alike: Love, jove. Internal Rhyme. Occurs inside a line: to beat the heat.

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Poetic Devices

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  1. Poetic Devices

  2. Sound Devices • Rhyme

  3. Rhyme: Single Rhyme • Love, dove

  4. Double Rhyme • Napping tapping

  5. Triple Rhyme • Mournfully, scornfully

  6. Imperfect Rhyme • Two words that look alike, but don’t sound alike: • Love, jove

  7. Internal Rhyme • Occurs inside a line: to beat the heat

  8. Masculine Rhyme • When the final syllables rhyme: • Intent, content

  9. Feminine Rhyme • When more than one syllable rhymes, but with no emphasis on the final syllable • Weather, heather

  10. Other sound devices • Assonance • Onomatopoeia • alliteration

  11. Assonance • A resemblance of vowel sounds in words or syllables • Beside the lake, beneath the trees (William Wordsworth) • Old age should burn and rave at close of day (Dylan Thomas)

  12. Onomatopoeia • When a word sounds like its meaning: • Drip, whisper, hiss, hoot, murmur, crunch, crackle

  13. Alliteration • Words beginning with same consonant sound • In a summer season when soft was the sun • More matter for a May morning (Twelfth Night) • Above him bird blood beats (81, Inside Poetry

  14. Picture Devices: Imagery • Metaphor • Simile • Personification • Allusion • Hyperbole • Understatement • Irony • Antithesis • Synecdoche • Metonymy

  15. Metaphor • Two unlike things directly compared • The river is a snake which coils onitself • “Time is a kindly father” (60, IP)

  16. Simile • Two unlike things compared using “like” or “as” • The man paced like a hungry lion • “street lamps sang like sopranos” (57, IP)

  17. Personification • Giving human qualities to things • “And bugles calling for them from sad shires” (92, IO) • The trees danced in the breeze

  18. Allusion • Referring metaphorically to persons, places or things from literature, history, religion or mythology • “[The bull calf] was too young for all that pride / I thought of the deposed Richard II” ((179, IP) • With Herculean strength

  19. Hyperbole • Saying more than is true • He played guitar until he wore his fingers to the bone

  20. Understatement • Saying less than is true • Losing his job meant he could sleep late

  21. You may be smoking a bit too much

  22. Irony • Saying the opposite of what is true, or when the intended meaning is different from the actual meaning • War is kind • “When the war is over… We will all enlist again” (W.S. Merwin)

  23. IRONY!

  24. Antithesis • Contrasts for effect for emphasis • Deserts are dry, oceans are wet

  25. Synecdoche • Using parts for the whole “all hands on deck”

  26. “Soldiers were equipped with steel” is more concise than saying “The soldiers were equipped with swords, knives, daggers, arrows, etc.” • “a set of wheels” refers to a car

  27. Metonymy • Substituting one word for another • The scales of justice are fair

  28. “The White House is concerned about terrorism.” • The White House here representes the people who work in it.

  29. Form and StructureStanza Forms

  30. Rhyme scheme: indicated by a capital letters indicating rhyming words: AABB, ABAB, ABCB

  31. Names for stanzas: • Couplet: two rhyming lines • Tercet: three • Quatrain: 4 • Quintet: 5 • Sestet: 6 (often 3 sets of couplets) • Octave: 8

  32. Sonnet: 14 line stanza • Shakespearean: 3 quatrains and a rhyming couplet • ABAB CDCD, EFEF GG

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