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Fading

Fading. The gradual change, on successive trials, of a stimulus that controls a response, so that the response eventually occurs to a partially changed or completely new stimulus. Deitz&Malone, 1985. Fading efektif bila:. Choosing the final desired stimulus Selecting an appropriate reinforcer

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Fading

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  1. Fading The gradual change, on successive trials, of a stimulus that controls a response, so that the response eventually occurs to a partially changed or completely new stimulus Deitz&Malone, 1985

  2. Fading efektif bila: • Choosing the final desired stimulus • Selecting an appropriate reinforcer • Choosing the starting stimulus and fading steps • Spesifikasi sejelas-jelasnya kondisi tertentu untuk membangunkan • Spesifikasi stimulus • waktu • Putting the plan into effect • Usahakan eror seminimal mungkin modifikasi perilaku

  3. Modelling A procedure that presents a sample of a given behavior to an individual to induce that individual to engage in similar behavior

  4. Effective Use of Modelling • Gunakan model teman sebaya yang kompeten dalam hal yang akan dimodelkan • Lebih dari 1 model akan lebih baik • Kompleksitas perilaku yang dimodelkan harus sesuai sesuai dengan kemampuan klien • Sertakan aturan-aturan lain • Berikan kesempatan klien melihat perilaku model pada saat menerima reinforcement • Buat model yang didesain dengan benar • Bila perilaku agak kompleks, desain model-model dengan kekompleksannya bertahap • Model hendaknya serealistik mungkin modifikasi perilaku

  5. Coba lakukan eksperimen • Cobalah berbicara sambil mendesiskan suara atau sambil bersiul. Hitung berapa orang disekitarmu yang ikut bersiul? • Cobalah menguap selebar-lebarnya, kemudian hitung berapa orang yang ikut menguap disekitarmu • Berdirilah di depan sebuah toko atau rumah kosong selama beberapa saat, hitunglah berapa orang yang berhenti dan juga memandang ke toko atau rumah kosong tersebut? modifikasi perilaku

  6. Physical Guidance Application of physical contact to induce an individual to go through the motions of the desired behavior

  7. Effective Use of Guidance • Klien merasa nyaman dengan posisinya saat ini • Tentukan stimulus yang akan dikontrol • Gunakan cue words • Reinforcement harus diberikan langsung saat itu juga • Dimulai dari perilaku sederhana meningkat secara gradual • Gunakan teknik tambahan 7Fading modifikasi perilaku

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