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SC ICT Certification Level 1

SC ICT Certification Level 1. 02 Operating Systems By Ross Parker. 02.1. Introduction. Applications. Easy to use. Operating System. Hardware. Powerful but unusable. What is an Operating System. Operating Systems (OS) bridge gulf between hardware and applications.

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SC ICT Certification Level 1

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  1. SC ICT CertificationLevel 1 02 Operating Systems By Ross Parker

  2. 02.1 Introduction

  3. Applications Easy to use Operating System Hardware Powerful but unusable What is an Operating System • Operating Systems (OS) bridge gulf between hardware and applications. • Manage all hardware and software • Make common services available, fairly • Allow resource sharing • Allow multiple users

  4. Command Line • Traditional • Text only • Hard to learn • Fast for experts Source: Wikimedia Commons

  5. WIMP GUI • Modern • WIMP: window, icon, menu, pointing device • GUI: graphical user interface • Easy to learn and investigate • Slower for experts • Came out of Xerox PARC labs

  6. Desktop vs Server • Desktop • “Personal” computer • Work performed directly on the machine by user • AKA “client” in client-server computing • Server • Shared computer • Work performed for user “by proxy” • Users rarely work directly on the server

  7. The big three • There are many OSes. • The big three: • Windows • Mac OS • Linux • Competition is healthy • All GUI-based • Use all 3, be a better nerd!

  8. 02.2 Windows

  9. Windows • Owned by Microsoft • Actively protect their monopoly • Developed as proprietary software. • Largest market share (90%) • Synonymous with desktop computing • All started with MS-DOS • MS-DOS lead to Windows 3.1 • Currently Vista is replacing XP • Shipped as OS + Applications

  10. Windows II • Pros • Dominant platform • Many applications • Stable corporate background • Extreme backwards compatibility • Cons • Slow to change and adapt • Tries to squash competition • Large and monolithic • MS have all the power

  11. 02.3 Mac os x

  12. Mac OS • Owned by Apple Inc. • Developed as proprietary software. • Second largest market share (8%) • Traditional stronghold in creativity • Based on Xerox work at PARC • Popularised WIMP and “home computing” • Currently at OS X 10.5 • Shipped as OS + Applications

  13. Mac OS II • Pros • Visually appealing • Close tie-in with Apple Mac hardware • Great software integration • Creativity is fun! • Cons • Close tie-in with Apple Mac hardware • Apple have all the power • Hardware is relatively expensive • Tries to exclude the competition

  14. 02.4 linux

  15. Linux • Clone of Unix • Started by Linus Torvalds (student) in his Helsinki bedroom in 1991. For fun! • Small market share (1%, only 50,000,000) • Traditional stronghold on server side • Making gains in desktop/laptop market • Free/Open Source Software (FOSS)

  16. Applications GUI & Libraries Kernel Linux II • Linux refers to kernel only • “Distributions” like Ubuntu add: • Libraries • Installers • Applications • GUIs • Endless variations! • Some general • Some specialised • Largest range of applications included

  17. Linux III • Pros • Community driven: great spirit • Free (liberty and gratis) • Innovative, unconstrained and Rapidly evolving • Works in smallest from largest computers • Cons • Hard to use (in some cases) • Small user base (only 50,00,000 users) • Less stable • Nebulous

  18. 02.5 Playtime!

  19. Boring. Who cares? Keep in mind: • Information controls the world • Computers control information • Who controls and restricts what you can do with you computer? • Why do they do this? • Do you wan them to do this?

  20. Showdown! • Try all 3, and look to see: • Where are the applications? • Where are your files stored? • Are there multiple drives or a single file system? • How do you: • Access the Internet? • Copy and paste? • Adjust the speaker volume? • Connect to a wireless network? • Turn the machine off • How do you set preferences? • Personal? • System? • How do they look? And feel? • Which do you prefer and why?

  21. Licensing • All original work used here is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. For more details please look at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. • This license has been chosen to permit a high degree of sharing, whilst protecting the author’s control as to how the content is used. • Please respect this license and use accordingly! • Recycled and borrowed works from other sources are used under appropriate licenses, which are not affected by this license. The original source is always given. • All original work created by Ross Parker (Sha Tin College, English Schools Foundation, Hong Kong), except where specified.

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