Psychoanalytic Therapy

1. Psychoanalytic Therapy • Psychoanalysis • focus on unconscious emotional conflict • Find the roots of their anxiety. • free association • resistance • dream interpretations: latent content(underlying meaning) manifest content(actual story line of the dream) • Transference • symptom substitution

2. Humanistic Therapy • Client-Centered Therapy by Carl Rogers • These are non-directive therapies and • use active listening: expressed in paraphrasing, reflecting back, summarizing client’s comments. • Self-actualization, free-will and unconditional positive regard. • Conditions of worth: parental standards that must be met in order to feel valued and love • Gestalt Therapy by Fritz Perls encourage clients to get in touch with whole self.

3. Behavioral Therapies • Need to establish a clear behavioral goal • Systematic desensitization/Exposure therapy • Relaxation training • Fear hierarchy: a list of feared situations ranging from least to most terrifying • In vivo desensitization: Actual physical exposure • Covert desensitization: imaged exposure • Flooding • Exposure therapy/Aversive conditioning • Operant Conditioning/token economy • Rational emotive therapy: aim to identify irrational beliefs and provide contradictory evidence

4. Cognitive Therapy • Change the way we view the world (change our schemas) • Aaron Beck • Albert Ellis and Rational Emotive Therapy • Cognitive distortions • Catastrophizing • Labeling • personalization • Dichotomous reasoning

5. Somatic Therapies Psychopharmacology • Antipsychotics (thorazine, Clozapine, haldol) • Anti-anxiety: tranquilizers (valium, barbiturates, Xanax) enhance the inhibitory function of GABA • Problems: highly addictive, drowsiness, and loss of coordination • Mood Disorders: Prozac(serotonin reuptake inhibitors) SSRIs • Bipolar (lithium)

6. Somatic Therapy • Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)- for depression. • Psychosurgury • Prefontal lobotomy