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Provisions of Part 107

Provisions of Part 107. A Summary Source: FAA News. Flying Drones as a Hobby. Part 107 does not apply You ’ re free to fly as long as you don ’ t endanger the National Airspace System (NAS). Three Ways to Fly Drones as a Business. Part 107 (Remote Pilot ’ s License)

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Provisions of Part 107

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  1. Provisions of Part 107 A Summary Source: FAA News

  2. Flying Drones as a Hobby • Part 107 does not apply • You’re free to fly as long as you don’t endanger the National Airspace System (NAS)

  3. Three Ways to Fly Drones as a Business • Part 107 (Remote Pilot’s License) • Apply for a Section 333 Grant of Exemption • Obtain an Airworthiness Certificate for the Drone

  4. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The unmanned aircraft must weigh less than 55 pounds or 25 kilograms

  5. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The unmanned aircraft can only be flown Visual Line-Of-Sight (VLOS) • The unmanned aircraft must remain within VLOS of the Remote Pilot In Command (Remote PIC) and the person manipulating the flight controls of the small UAS • Alternatively, the unmanned aircraft must remain within VLOS of the Visual Observer (VO)

  6. VLOS Note • The Remote PIC can lose sight of an unmanned aircraft briefly, like when it flies to the other side of a house during a roof inspection

  7. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The small unmanned aircraft must remain close enough to the Remote-PIC and the person manipulating the flight controls of the Small Unmanned Aerial System (sUAS) to be seen with vision unaided by any device other than corrective lenses, at all times

  8. sUAS Definition • An sUAS is an unmanned aircraft and the equipment needed to safely and efficiently fly it • Includes the remote control and VO • It must include an aircraft that is operated without direct human intervention inside the aircraft

  9. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Small unmanned aircraft may not operate over any persons who are not directly participating in the operation • Unless they are under a covered structure • Unless they are inside a covered stationary vehicle

  10. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can only be flown during daylight hours • And during civil twilight only with appropriate anti-collision lighting on the UAV • Civil twilight is 30 minutes before official sunrise and 30 minutes after official sunset (local time)

  11. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The UAV must yield the right of way to aircraft

  12. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The sUAS may use a VO but it is not required

  13. Part 107 Operational Limitations • First-Person View (FPV) camera cannot satisfy the “see-and-avoid” requirement • But FPV can be used as long as the “see-and-avoid” requirement is satisfied in other ways

  14. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The maximum ground speed of a UAV is 100 mph or 87 knots

  15. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The maximum altitude of a UAV is 400 feet above ground level (AGL) • If the UAV is higher than 400 feet AGL, then it must remain within 400 feet of a tall structure • This allows a UAV to fly around tall structures like buildings and mountains

  16. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Minimum weather visibility of 3 miles from control station • Therefore, potentially obscuring clouds cannot be within 3 miles of the Remote PIC

  17. Part 107 Operational Limitations • UAV operation allowed in Class B, C, D and E airspace with the required ATC permission • Operation in Class G airspace is allowed without ATC permission

  18. Part 107 Operational Limitations • No person may act as a Remote PIC or VO for more than one unmanned aircraft operation at one time

  19. Part 107 Operational Limitations • UAVs cannot be operated from a moving aircraft • UAVs cannot be operated from a moving vehicle unless the operation is over a sparsely populated area • This allows a Remote PIC to remain in visual contact with a UAV flying a great distance

  20. Part 107 Operational Limitations • No careless or reckless operations by a sUAS • No carriage of hazardous materials by a sUAS

  21. Part 107 Operational Limitations • The sUAS requires a preflight inspection by the Remote PIC • Includes the UAV, VO, other crew, and remote control

  22. Part 107 Operational Limitations • A person may not operate a small unmanned aircraft if he or she knows or has reason to know of any physical or mental condition that would interfere with the safe operation of a sUAS

  23. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Foreign-registered small unmanned aircraft are allowed to operate under part 107 if they satisfy the requirements of part 375 (Navigation of Foreign Civilian Aircraft)

  24. Part 107 Operational Limitations • External load operations are allowed if the object being carried by the unmanned aircraft is securely attached and does not adversely affect the flight characteristics or controllability of the aircraft • This permits the carrying of cameras

  25. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Transportation of property by a sUAS for compensation or hire is allowed provided that • The aircraft, including its attached systems, payload and cargo weigh less than 55 pounds total • The flight is conducted within visual line of sight and not from a moving vehicle or aircraft

  26. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Transportation of property by a sUAS for compensation or hire is allowed provided that • The flight occurs wholly within the bounds of a State and does not involve transport between • Hawaii and another place in Hawaii through airspace outside Hawaii • The District of Columbia and another place in the District of Columbia • A territory or possession of the United States and another place in the same territory or possession

  27. Part 107 Operational Limitations • Most of the sUAS restrictions are waivable if the applicant demonstrates that his or her operation can safely be conducted under the terms of a certificate of waiver

  28. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • This establishes the Remote PIC position

  29. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • A person operating a sUAS must either • Hold a remote pilot airman certificate with a sUAS rating • Or be under the direct supervision of a person who does hold a Remote PIC pilot certificate

  30. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • To qualify for a remote pilot certificate, a person must • Demonstrate aeronautical knowledge • Be vetted by the Transportation Security Administration • Be at least 16 years old

  31. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • Two ways to demonstrate aeronautical knowledge • Passing an initial aeronautical knowledge test at an FAA-approved knowledge testing center • Hold a part 61 pilot certificate other than student pilot, complete a flight review within the previous 24 months, and complete a small UAS online training course provided by the FAA

  32. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • Part 61 pilot certificate holders may obtain a temporary remote pilot certificate immediately upon submission of their application for a permanent certificate • Other applicants will obtain a temporary remote pilot certificate upon successful completion of TSA security vetting certificate application

  33. Remote Pilot in Command Certification and Responsibilities • Until international standards are developed, foreign-certificated UAS pilots will be required to obtain an FAA-issued remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating

  34. A Remote PIC must • Make available to the FAA, upon request • The sUAS for inspection or testing • Any associated documents/records required to be kept under the rule • Report to the FAA within 10 days of any operation that results in • At least serious injury • Loss of consciousness • Property damage of at least $500

  35. A Remote PIC must • Conduct a preflight inspection to ensure the small UAS is in a condition for safe operation • Includes specific aircraft • Includes control station systems checks • Ensure that the small unmanned aircraft complies with the existing registration requirements specified in 14 CFR 91.203(a)(2) (civil aircraft certifications)

  36. A Remote PIC • Remote PICs can deviate from the rules in response to in-flight emergencies • This is a “Get Out Of Jail Free” card

  37. Aircraft Requirements • FAA airworthiness certification is not required for sUAS • The Remote PIC must conduct a preflight check of the sUAS to ensure that it is in a condition for safe operation

  38. Model Aircraft vs Drone • Part 101 already prohibits model aircraft from endangering the NAS • Part 107 therefore does not apply to model aircraft

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