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Erasmus Intensive Programme LIGHT 2010. Innovative Curriculum. Group: Rays of light Nicola Alcorn - Helena Jonasson - Eliana D’Ambrosio - Irene Efthymiou - Elisa van Hout. Introduction. Topic: Shadows Target groups Age 9-11: connection between object and shadow
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Erasmus Intensive Programme LIGHT 2010 Innovative Curriculum Group: Rays of light Nicola Alcorn - Helena Jonasson - Eliana D’Ambrosio - Irene Efthymiou - Elisa van Hout
Introduction • Topic: Shadows • Target groups • Age 9-11: connection between object and shadow • Age 12-14: describe formation of a shadow • Age 15-18: calculate the exact outline of a shadow
1st group: 9-11 year olds • Prerequisites • Students should know that light travels in straight lines • Aims • To know there can be no shadow without light • To realise there is a connection between the light source, object and (the shape of) its shadow
1st group: 9-11 year olds • Activities • Observing the shadows in and around the school • Children experiment with different objects and light sources • Group discussion • Play with applet Applet: http://sciencekids.co.nz/gamesactivities/lightshadows.html
2nd group: 12-14 year olds • Aims • To predict the shape of a shadow • To explain the formation of the shadow
2nd group: 12-14 year olds • Activities • Use of appletto experiment with shadows • Learning about and making sundials • Children try to predict the shape of a shadow • Discussion of the different predictions • Children check their predictions by experimentation • Discussion of results • Prediction and experimentation with multiple and coloured light sources Applet: http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php?topic=42
3rd group: 15-18 year olds • Prerequisites • Basic geometry: e.g. congruent triangles • Aims • To use geometry to explain shadows • To calculate light intensity at different points
3rd group: 15-18 year olds • Activities • Calculate shadow outline of 2D objects • Experiment to check calculations • Determine object shape from a shadow and light source • Experiment: Measuring light intensity in different areas
Rationale Shadow is a familiar topic, which will make the children more secure in exploring new materials Hands on activities form the basis of life long learning Letting children experiment can help them to overcome their misconceptions Children learn to work in groups
Rationale • Having discussions helps children to express their knowledge and ideas • ICT tools can be used to support the activities where necessary • The activities have elements from both essentialism and progressivism. • The activity on sundials also includes perennalism
Conclusions/Summary • Children’s knowledge of shadows progresses from understanding what a shadow is to the movement and formation of a shadow • In order to achieve this, we use: • Observation • Prediction • Construction
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