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Self-Rule for Canada, Australia, and New Zealand

Self-Rule for Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Chapter 25 Section 3. English-speaking Upper Canada (Ontario) English traditions and laws. French-speaking Lower Canada (Quebec) French traditions and the Catholic Church are protected. Canada Achieves Self-Rule.

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Self-Rule for Canada, Australia, and New Zealand

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  1. Self-Rule for Canada, Australia, and New Zealand Chapter 25 Section 3

  2. English-speaking Upper Canada (Ontario) English traditions and laws French-speaking Lower Canada (Quebec) French traditions and the Catholic Church are protected Canada Achieves Self-Rule • 2 provinces created to ease ethnic tensions- Constitutional Act of 1791

  3. Unrest in the Two Canadas • Only small group of elites held power • Louis Joseph Papineau • Head of the French Reform Party • Led uprising in Lower Canada • William Lyon Mackenzie • Led uprising in Upper Canada

  4. Britain Responds • Lord Durham sent to report the causes of unrest • The Act of Union: joined the two Canadas into one province, elected legislature for domestic policy, but Britain still controlled foreign policy and trade • Canada Becomes a Dominion • Some urged confederation of Britain’s North American colonies to strengthen against American ambitions and help the economy develop • British North America Act of 1867 created the Dominion of Canada; still maintained close ties with Britain, had own parliament, some control over foreign policy • Canada Grows • Expanded westward; Canadian Pacific Railway • Clash with Native Americans; Louis Riel led a revolt of the metis, but was unsuccessful

  5. Europeans in Australia • First settlers- indigenous people- probably from SE Asia probably 40,000 years ago; called Aborigines • Used as a penal colony by Britain • Britain offered land and tools to encourage citizens to emigrate; gold rush, wool industry attracted settlers • Pushed aside/killed Aborigines

  6. Achieving Self-Government • Britain was worried about interference • Commonwealth of Australia was independent but recognized the British monarch as its head of state • Constitution granted women the right to vote • First nation to introduce the secret ballot

  7. New Zealand • Captain Cook claimed the island for Britain; missionaries wanted to convert Maori to Christianity • Maori were concentrated in a small area and determined to defend their land • NZ was good for exporting wool, mutton, and beef • Britain annexed NZ in 1840

  8. Colonists V. Maori • Many Maori died from fighting, disease, alcoholism, etc. • Population fell from 200,000 to 45,000 in just over 20 years • Settlers win self-rule in 1907

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