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Cable TV

Cable TV. Acquisition of Signals. Cable Began as Community Antenna TV (CATV) Large tower antenna captures broadcast signals and retransmits over wire to community Obtains distant signals (via land line, antenna, microwave, satellite) Superstations Adds non-broadcast content

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Cable TV

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  1. Cable TV

  2. Acquisition of Signals • Cable Began as Community Antenna TV (CATV) • Large tower antenna captures broadcast signals and retransmits over wire to community • Obtains distant signals (via land line, antenna, microwave, satellite) • Superstations • Adds non-broadcast content • Cable-exclusive content providers (e.g., HBO, CNN) • including “Pay” TV • Local programming

  3. Technology • Headend • Trunk cable • Distribution of feeder cable • Subscriber drop • Terminal equipment

  4. Traditional Network Tree

  5. Coaxial Cable • Bandwith (750 MHz) • cable can carry more channels than b’cast • Duplex • Coax carries signals in both directions • Industry has not generally exploited this feature • exception: subscription services (pay, scrambling)

  6. Hybrid Fiber/Coax TV System

  7. History • Frank Jewett (1936) • Coaxial Cable installed between New York and Philadelphia • Louis H. Cook (1937) • Patent to send pictures over a wire • CATV – Community Antenna Television(1948) • Tap in to a coax cable connected to a large antenna • Charles Dolan HBO (1965-1972) • Used a satellite to make novel service available to cable companies

  8. Modern Era • 1980 – Switch in who paid whom vis-à-vis programmers and operators • 1987 – Majority of people get TV via cable • 1992 – Cable Communications Consumer Protection and Competition act of 1992 • Cable companies had to stop gouging • Telecommunications Act of 1996 • Telephone companies allowed to get into the act

  9. Current Era • By 2000 68% of homes had cable tv • Direct Broadcast Satellite presents competition • Fiber Optic compression enables cable company to transmit 12 signals where it used to be able to transmit one

  10. Video Channels in the Home

  11. Recent Activity • Digital Upgrades • High Definition TV • Interactive Services • Video on demand • Subscription video on demand • Interactive program guides • Enhanced TV services • Digital video recorder

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