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Earth’s Layers

Earth’s Layers. The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid shell; it is broken up into huge, thick plates that drift atop the soft, underlying mantle. The Crust. Outermost layer 5 – 100 km thick

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Earth’s Layers

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  1. Earth’s Layers The Earth's rocky outer crust solidified billions of years ago, soon after the Earth formed. This crust is not a solid shell; it is broken up into huge, thick plates that drift atop the soft, underlying mantle.

  2. The Crust • Outermost layer • 5 – 100 km thick • Made of Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum

  3. The Mantle • Layer of Earth between the crust and the core • Contains most of the Earth’s mass • Has more magnesium and less aluminum and silicon than the crust • Is denser than the crust

  4. The Core • Below the mantle and to the center of the Earth • Believed to be mostly Iron, smaller amounts of Nickel, almost no Oxygen, Silicon, Aluminum, or Magnesium

  5. Tectonic Plates

  6. Plate Tectonics • Greek – “tektonikos” of a builder • Pieces of the lithosphere that move around • Each plate has a name • Fit together like jigsaw puzzles • Float on top of mantle similar to ice cubes in a bowl of water

  7. How Plates Move http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/unanswered.html

  8. Different Types of Boundaries http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

  9. Divergent Boundary – Arabian and African Plates Arabian Plate Red Sea African Plate

  10. Divergent Boundary – Iceland http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html

  11. Divergent Boundary - Oceanic LOOK AT THE SMARTBOARD

  12. Divergent Boundary - Continental LOOK AT THE SMARTBOARD

  13. Convergent Boundary – Indian and Eurasian Plates Eurasian Plate Indian Plate

  14. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Continental http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

  15. Convergent Boundary – Oceanic & Oceanic Note – plates are reversed http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

  16. Convergent Boundaries - Continental http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/understanding.html & http://www.geology.com

  17. Transform Boundary – San Andreas Fault www.geology.com

  18. Review • Name the 3 main layers of the Earth • What is a tectonic plate? • Name the three different types of plate boundaries and one location on Earth for each one

  19. Review • Name the 3 main layers of the Earth • Crust, mantle, core • What is a tectonic plate? • Pieces of the lithosphere that move around • Name the three different types of plate boundaries and one location on Earth for each one • Divergent, Convergent & transform

  20. What type of boundary is this?

  21. What type of boundary is this?

  22. What type of plate boundary is this?

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