The Nature of Science

1. The Nature of Science Earth Science 1.1 Methods of Science 1.2 Communicating in Science 1.3 Chap. 1

2. Objectives Earth Science – 1.1 • differentiate among four major branches of E.S. • Contrast four systems of Earth • Discuss how Earth science affects your daily life.

3. What is science?

4. What is science? • Acquiring knowledge about the natural world through observation and experimentation

5. Biology • Study of living organisms

6. Zoology

7. Zoology • Study of animals

8. Hydrology

9. Hydrology • Study of water

10. Vulcanology

11. Vulcanology • Study of volcanoes

12. Geology

13. Geology • Study of Earth and its composition

14. Archeology

15. Archeology • Study of old things

16. Ichthiology

17. Ichthiology • Study of fish

18. Hippology

19. Hippology • Study of horses

20. Conchology

21. Conchology • Study of shells

22. Speleology

23. Speleology • Study of caves

24. Major Sciences of ES

25. Major Sciences of ES • Astronomy Cartwheel galaxy www.nasa.gov Study of objects beyond our Earth’s atmosphere

26. Major Sciences of ES • Astronomy • Meteorology The study of air the surrounds Earth (and it’s affect on weather) www.noaa.gov

27. Major Sciences of ES • Astronomy • Meteorology • Geology Study of materials that make of the Earth

28. Major Sciences of ES • Astronomy • Meteorology • Geology • Oceanography Study of the Earth’s oceans

29. Main Earth Systems

30. Main Earth Systems • Lithosphere Rigid outer shell of the planet: includes crust and mantle

31. Main Earth Systems • Lithosphere • Hydrosphere The water portion

32. Main Earth Systems • Lithosphere • Hydrosphere • Atmosphere The layer of gases that surround the planet

33. Main Earth Systems • Lithosphere • Hydrosphere • Atmosphere • Biosphere The part of Earth that includes life.

34. Science and Technology We often develop new things as a result of scientific discovery

35. The End

36. Objectives Methods of Scientists – 1.2 • List steps used in scientific method • Compare experimental variables and controls • Identify basic SI units • Explain how to write numbers in scientific notation

37. Scientific Method Organized approach to solving problems

38. Scientific Method • Question or Problem

39. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Do background research

40. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Do background research • Make hypothesis An educated, testable guess for an observation

41. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Control • Variable Study of the Earth’s oceans

42. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment)

43. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Control The experiment by which the other is compared

44. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Control • Variable The factor that is changed

45. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Control • Variable • Independent variable Variable altered by experimenter

46. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Control • Variable • Independent variable • Dependent variable Variable that changes as a result of the indep. variable

47. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Organize/Analyze results

48. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Organize/Analyze results • Make a table

49. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Organize/Analyze results • Make a table • Make a graph

50. Scientific Method • Question or Problem • Test (experiment) • Organize/Analyze results • Make a table • Make a graph • Look for trends