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Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I.

Validation of Suitable index map using a GIS Approach; an example from a Case Study in Selangor, Malaysia. Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia. OBJECTIVE.

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Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I.

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  1. Validation of Suitable index map using a GIS Approach; an example from a Case Study in Selangor, Malaysia Umi Raihana A. R. & Sharifah Norkhadijah S.I. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia

  2. OBJECTIVE • To validate the site suitability index map to improve the accuracies

  3. INTRODUCTION • Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has become one of the global concerns in developing countries such as Malaysia • Urbanisation and economic development lead to large waste produced • Landfilling is the main waste disposal method utilised in the country

  4. Selangor has a total of 20 landfills of which 13 are closed and 7 still operating • Most are Level 0 (open dumping) or Level 1 (non-sanitary) • Most of the landfills in Selangor are built and operated without proper monitoring facilities and pollution controls

  5. Landfills being built near to residential area • Sharifah Norkhadijah (2011) has suggested areas that suitable for landfill development – GIS and MCDA • How accurate of this map?

  6. Study area: Selangor • Selangor has a total area of 8,104 km2 with 5.4 million inhabitants in 2010. • This is approximately 20% of Malaysia’s total population Figure 1: The population of the urban areas in 2010 of Selangor (Source: Department of Statistic Malaysia, 2010).

  7. Method used to produce suitability index map Figure 2: The summary of overall procedure applied

  8. Figure 3: The mean suitability index and standard deviation

  9. Table 1: The land use of the candidate sites

  10. Map validation

  11. Map validation • Visual assessment of the map with the interpolated water quality data. • Determine the differences between maps • Whether it were consistent with the physical characteristic

  12. Figure 4: River water stations from DOE

  13. Figure 6: The interpolation of BOD in the whole Selangor with IDW Figure 5: The interpolation of COD with IDW

  14. Figure 8: The interpolation of TSS in the whole Selangor with IDW Figure 7: The interpolation of Coliform in the whole Selangor with IDW

  15. Figure 9: The interpolation of Cl with IDW Figure 10: The interpolation of E. coli with IDW

  16. Figure 11: PO4 and NH3NL level in Selangor

  17. MAP VALIDATION Overlay the maps + Figure 12: The overlay process of the map

  18. The output…. Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map

  19. Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map

  20. Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map

  21. Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map

  22. Figure 13: The comparison of water quality parameter to the suitability index map

  23. Table 3: The summary of candidate sites determined with high concentration of water quality parameters on the overlay map.

  24. CONCLUSIONS • Suitability index map in Sharifah Norkhadijah (2011) is not consistent with the water quality parameters analysed in this study. • Areas designated as high suitability was reported with high level of contaminants – locate landfill on these areas will worsen the environment • Except for C8, C10, C11 & C12.

  25. Thank you

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