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Position Detection and Identification of Products using RFID Technology

Position Detection and Identification of Products using RFID Technology. Master Thesis Christian Decker Supervisor: Michael Beigl This thesis representation was held at TecO on September 20 th 2002 http://www.teco.edu/~cdecker/pub/publications.html. Structure. Problem + Today‘s Situation

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Position Detection and Identification of Products using RFID Technology

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  1. Position Detection and Identification of Products using RFID Technology Master Thesis Christian Decker Supervisor: Michael Beigl This thesis representation was held at TecO on September 20th 2002 http://www.teco.edu/~cdecker/pub/publications.html

  2. Structure • Problem + Today‘s Situation • Goal • SmartShelf Technology • Prototypes • Conclusion

  3. quantity+type of products (purchase) quantity+type of products (sale) Problem Scenario: traditional retail business ??? • Quantity of products on shelfes (Out-of-Stock problem) • History of products • Success of product placement

  4. Today‘s Situation • Refill of shelfes happens at fixed points in time – not driven by necessity • Product placement • rearrangement of products in stores to stimulate the consumer‘s buying behavior (Surprise-Effect) • test of sales combinations of similiar products (trial-and-error) There is no quantitative proposition about the interactions of the consumer!

  5. Goal: Interaction Detection System • Consumer buying behavior • remove, add, move (basic interaction patterns) • Improvement of existing systems • automatic re-order systems • statistics • Provide new services • recommender-, broker-, help desk-systems • electronic pricing

  6. SmartShelf – ID Technology • Identification and position detection of products using RFID • insensitive to dirt, wetness etc., tiny, contactless, no internal power supply • products equipped with transponders (price!) • H400x EM Marin • 125kHz • not collision aware • 130ms read cycle • 40bit ID,read-only

  7. SmartShelf – Design • Identification • every transponder has its own unique ID • Position detection – 3 reading units in parallel • big detection surface divided into smaller RFID detection spots (here: only 1 transponder per spot)

  8. SmartShelf – Antennas • Requirements • local detection through “limited” reading field • homogenous reading field • big detection surface with only a few antennas

  9. SmartShelf – Function • Detection – Gathering – Communication

  10. SmartShelf – Sychronisation • Synchronisation of communication • serial communication, TTL, fixed length of data • among the reading units: start of communication is determined via signals (READY,Request(RQ) ) • to external systems: CTS signal and Command/Response • Sychronisation of antenna activation • fixed schema for activation of antennas • avoids reading collisions of adjacent detection spots • avoids simultaneous activation of two antennas on the same reading unit

  11. SmartShelf – Synchronisation 2 • Timing synchronisation • max. time for activation+reading of an antenna is taken to determine the start of the next step in the program’s execution • Address sychronisation • central unit addresses an antenna for reading, sets up the time pattern for all • Barrier synchronisation • all reading units work independently until a sync point – program blocks there! • global signal to continue the program’s execution

  12. SmartShelf – Software • Memory function • problem: assignment of transponders is not stable • assumption: detected transponders do not disappear suddenly • if apparently disappeared, then several read trials • increases stability, but needs time • Fast Update • transmission of data starts even if not all antennas were checked again for transponders • disadvantage: part of the informationen is out of date

  13. SmartShelf – Prototypes • 1st Prototype: • built completely by hand • address sychronisation • error-prone hardware, instable software, slow • 2nd Prototype: • PCB, optimization of antenna’s characteristic • barrier synchronisation, memory function, fast update • hardware reliable, fast, 99.7% detection reliability • 3rd Prototype: • spike filter • tweaking of parameters without reprogramming • fast, automatic tweak control

  14. Conclusion • Identification+position detection (99.7% reliable) • Basic interaction patterns (remove, add und move) can be detected – consumer behavior can be acquired quantitativly • Detection speed too low – Goal: realtime detection of interaction patterns • Standard interface allows integration in existing systems and development of new applications (recommender and broker systems)

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