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Electromagnetic Spectrum

This presentation delves into the electromagnetic spectrum, covering the properties and applications of various waves, from radio waves to gamma rays. Understand the three-dimensional nature and different wavelengths, from the longest radio waves to the shortest gamma rays. Learn about the sources of these waves, their detection methods, and practical uses in technology and everyday life.

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Electromagnetic Spectrum

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  1. Electromagnetic Spectrum 

  2. Electromagnetic waves • Produced by the movement of electrically charged particles • Can travel in a “vacuum” (they do NOT need a medium) • Travel at the speed of light • Also known as EM waves

  3. Electromagneticradiationwaves • Waves are three dimensional • Waves vibrate in all planes around a center line. wavelength

  4. Remember radio waves are long…and gamma rays are small Radio-TV -Microwave- Infrared - VISIBLE -Ultraviolet -X-rays - Gamma- Cosmic

  5. Radio(Longest electromagnetic waves) • Emitted by • Astronomical Objects • Radio Station Transmitters • Detected by • Ground based radio telescopes • *If you turn on a radio, it will convert the radio wave energy into sound energy.

  6. Radio waves • Wavelength: 100 km – 100 m • Uses: • TV broadcasting • AM and FM broadcast radio • Avalanche beacons • Heart rate monitors • Cell phone communication

  7. Microwave • Emitted by: • Gas clouds collapsing into stars • Microwave Ovens • Radar Stations • Cell Phones • Detected by • Microwave Telescopes • Food (heated) • Cell phones • Radar (systems)

  8. Microwaves • Wavelengths from 1 mm- 1 m • Uses: • Microwave ovens • Bluetooth headsets • Broadband Wireless Internet • Radar • GPS

  9. Infrared(Heat or Thermal)Are you a source of infrared? YES you are! • Emitted by • Sun and stars (Near) • TV Remote Controls • Food Warming Lights (Thermal) • *Everything at room temperature or above,=HEAT • Detected by • Infrared Cameras • TVs, VCRs, • Your skin

  10. Infrared Radiation • Wavelengths: 750nm-1mm • Uses: • Night vision goggles • Remote controls • Heat-seeking missiles

  11. VisibleEachcolorisa differentsizewave.Red the longest & violet the shortest • Emitted by • The sun and other astronomical objects • Laser pointers • Light bulbs • Detected by • Cameras (film or digital) • Human eyes • Plants (red light) • Telescopes RoyG.Biv

  12. Visible light • Only type of EM wave able to be detected by the human eye • Violet is the highest frequency light • Red light is the lowest frequency light

  13. Visible light • Wavelength: 390nm – 750nm • Uses: • Enables us to see things • Photosynthesis in plants

  14. UltravioletSunburn / black light • Emitted by • Tanning booths (A) • The sun (A) • Black light bulbs (B) • UV lamps • Detected by • Space based UV detectors • UV Cameras • Flying insects (flies) He can get skin cancer!

  15. Ultraviolet • Wavelength: 10nm – 400nm • Uses: • Black lights • Sterilizing medical equipment • Water disinfection • Security images on money

  16. X-ray • Emitted by • Astronomical objects • X-ray machines • CAT scan machines • Older televisions • Radioactive minerals • Airport luggage scanners • Detected by • Space based X-ray detectors • X-ray film • CCD detectors

  17. X-rays • Wavelength: 0.01nm – 10 nm • High energy • Uses: • Medical imaging • Airport security • Inspecting industrial welds

  18. Gamma Ray(Short electromagnetic waves but more energetic) • Emitted by • Radioactive materials • Exploding nuclear weapons • Gamma-ray bursts • Solar flares • Detected by • --Geiger counters • Gamma detectors and astronomical satellites • Medical imaging detectors

  19. Gamma Rays • Smallest wavelengths, highest energy EM waves • Wavelengths: less than 0.01nm • Uses • Food irradiation • Cancer treatment • Treating wood flooring

  20. How big are the waves? • A great question! • Radio waves= (Buildings to human size); • Microwaves (Humans-beetles); • Infrared waves (Eye of a needle); • Visible waves (microscopic size)! WOW! All the rest are the size of molecules, atoms, atomic nuclei and smaller.. See the next slide for more.

  21. Relative Size

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