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Day 2

Day 2 . Phase Changes. SC Standards Covered. Standard PS-3.7 Explain the processes of phase change in terms of temperature, heat transfer, and particle arrangement. Phase Changes. The physical change from one state to another.

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Day 2

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  1. Day 2 Phase Changes

  2. SC Standards Covered • Standard PS-3.7 • Explain the processes of phase change in terms of temperature, heat transfer, and particle arrangement.

  3. Phase Changes • The physical change from one state to another. • Occurs because particles gain or lose energy, causing them to change their motion.

  4. Possible Changes: Melting- solid to liquid Freezing- liquid to solid Sublimation- solid to gas (no liquid phase) Deposition- gas to solid (no liquid phase) Vaporization- liquid to gas, boiling point, happens below the surface of the liquid near the heat source Evaporation- liquid to gas, below BP, happens at the surface of the liquid Condensation- gas to liquid

  5. Possible Changes: Freezing Point Depression- Adding a solute to a solvent to make it freeze at a lower temperature. Solute particles get in the way of crystals forming between solvent particles. • Adding salt to roads in icy weather. Boiling Point Elevation- Adding a solute to a solvent to make it boil at a higher temperature. Solute particles get in the way of solvent particles escaping from the liquid. • Adding salt to water when cooking pasta. Thermal Expansion- All matter expands as it gets warmer and contracts (thermal contraction) when it gets cooler. Warming particles move faster causing them to move apart slightly in all directions. • Expansion joints in bridges and floors.

  6. Phase Changes • Heat of Fusion: Energy required to change from solid to liquid phase (see #2 below).

  7. Heat of Vaporization Energy required to change from liquid to gas phase (see #4 below).

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