Hydrogen bonds

1. Objective: Understand the function of DNA Key words: Nucleic Acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases. Nucleotide Hydrogen bonds Sugar-phosphate backbone • Nucleic acids are macromolecules (big molecules) containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorous. • Nucleic acids are made of basic units called nucleotides. • Nucleotides consist of three parts: a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. • Individual nucleotides can be joined by covalent bonds to form a nucleic acid. • The structure of DNA is a double helix • Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary, or genetic, information. • There are two kinds of nucleic acids: ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) • As the name indicates, RNA contains the sugar ribose and DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose.

2. Objective: Understand the structure of DNA Key words: Nucleic Acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases. DNA Double helix nucleus nucleotides Sugar deoxyribose Phosphate group Nitrogen bases

3. Objective: Understand the structure of DNA Key words: Nucleic Acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases. Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Thymine Adenine Cytosine Guanine

4. a. Nucleic acids are compounds that contains the following elements: _______________________________________________________________________b) DNA stands for _______________________________________________________ and RNA stands for ___________________________________________________These substances were first found in the part of the cell called ____________________The structure of the DNA molecule is ________________________________________DNA is the ____________________ material that is passed on from one generation to the next during _________________________DNA and RNA _______________ and ___________________ the development and activities of all the cells in an organism.The DNA molecule is a long chain of repeated units, called __________________________Each nucleotide consists of a ________________________ , bonded to a _______________ and a_____________________There are only ______ different nitrogenous bases in a DNA Objective: Understand the function of DNA Key words: Nucleic Acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, nitrogen Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid Ribo Nucleic Acid nucleus Double helix hereditary reproduction control direct nucleotides deoxyribose Phosphate group Nitrogen base four

5. Objective: Understand the function of DNA Key words: Nucleic Acids, DNA, RNA, nucleotides, nitrogen bases. adenine guanine thymine cytosine They nitrogenous bases are _________, __________, __________, ___________. And their symbols are _____________________________________ (nitrogenous base) is always bonded to a __________(nitrogenous base)__________ (nitrogenous base) is always bonded to a ____________ (nitrogenous base) The shape of a the DNA molecule resembles the shape of a ____________ the sides of the ladder are made up of ______________ and __________________ and the rungs are made up of ______________________ A single DNA molecule may have as many as ______________pairs of these bases The sequence of bases acts as a _______that determines what proteins will be made in the cells. A, C, T, G adenine thymine guanine cytosine ladder deoxyribose phosphate group nitrogen bases three billions code