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FORCES

FORCES. NEWTON’S LAWS. Sir Isaac Newton. 1643-1727 English scientist (one of the first) Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica described Universal gravitation and the well known 3 laws of motion. Inertia ( 1 st Law). Basic Property of ALL matter. To resist changes in motion.

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FORCES

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  1. FORCES NEWTON’S LAWS

  2. Sir Isaac Newton • 1643-1727 • English scientist (one of the first) • Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica described Universal gravitation and the well known 3 laws of motion

  3. Inertia (1st Law) • Basic Property of ALL matter. • To resist changes in motion. • BIG MASSES = BIG INERTIA. • small masses = small inertia • Mass is a measure of inertia! Directly proportional!

  4. Mass, Volume, and Weight • NOT THE SAME!!! • Mass – amount of “stuff” an object is made of. • Volume – the amount of space an object takes up. • Weight – force of gravity pulling on an object.

  5. 1 kg Mass and Weight on Earth • Mass x acceleration = Force (Newton) • 1kg x 1m/s/s = 1 Newton • On earth: • One kilogram weighs 10N F m = a x 1kg 10m/s/s 10 N 10N

  6. Forces • What is a force??? • A push • Or a pull • We can’t see forces, but we can see the effect of them on objects. • Forces are the ultimate cause of objects moving. • NO forces = No motion.

  7. Force Arrows • Forces are represented by arrows • Small arrows = Small forces • Big arrows = Big forces F m 10 N a 200 N

  8. Net Force (2nd Law) • To be more accurate, forces don’t make objects move, “NET FORCES” make objects move. • No “net” force, no movement 100 N 100 N

  9. Net Force Net force of 20 N to the left 120 N 100 N 20 N

  10. Forces on Masses F • Force = mass * acceleration • Force on a mass makes it accelerate. m a Force = mass acceleration Inversely proportional Directly proportional Force vs. Acceleration? Mass vs. Acceleration? Force vs. Mass

  11. Answer… the anvil shakes him back!!! If an astronaut shakes an anvil in space, what would be the result??? 3rd Law: Equal and opposite reaction

  12. Weight and Apparent Weight • 100kg knight… how much does he weigh? FW = Force of Weight FW = m g FW = 100kg * 10 m/s/s FW = 1000Newtons

  13. What if the elevator is moving??? Rider becomes weightless! Rider will weigh more! Rider will weigh less! Sideways?

  14. Summary • 1st Law (inertia): Objects at rest will stay at rest; objects in motion will stay in motion w/constant speed in a straight path. • 2nd Law: When a net force acts on an object the object accelerates. • 3rd Law: When one object exerts a force on a 2nd object, the 2nd object exerts an equal and opposite force.

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