Aviation Weather: Opportunities for Implementation Training

1. Aviation Weather: Opportunities for ImplementationTraining Robert A. Wright Manager, Flight Technologies and Procedures Division, AFS-400 Federal Aviation Administration

2. What is different about weather training? • Rather than relying on a single source of information, weather requires the user to open a vast toolbox of products. • Each product must be understood on it’s own merits, weaknesses, and limitations and it’s relationship to other products. • Weather information requires a high level of correlation on the part of the user to put the whole picture together.

3. Training Requirements • Regulatory Standards for • Pilots • Flight Instructors • Ground Instructors • Dispatchers • Air Traffic Controllers • Flight Engineers • Flight Navigators

4. Training Requirements • Specified in the appropriate Part of CFR 14 • Airmen: 61, 63, 65 • Operators: 91, 121, 135 • Schools: 141, 142 • Supported by Training Guidance and Evaluation Standards • Advisory Circulars • Safety Program Materials • Industry Instructional Materials • Knowledge Test Standards • Practical Test Standards

5. Training Guidance • Government Sources • FAA • NWS • Industry Sources • Avionics Manufacturers • Service Providers • User Groups • Training Publishers and Providers

6. Government Training Guidance • Aeronautical Information Manual • Current Advisory Circulars (ACs) • 00-6 Aviation Weather • 00-45 Aviation Weather Services • 60-21 Flight Training Handbook • 60-27 Instrument Flying Handbook • 61-23 Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge • Emerging ACs • 00-FIS Flight Information Services • 90-EFB Electronic Flight Bag

7. Evaluation Standards • 1. Exhibits adequate knowledge of aviation weather • information by obtaining, reading, and analyzing the • applicable items such as— • a. weather reports and forecasts. • b. pilot and radar reports. • c. surface analysis charts. • d. radar summary charts. • e. significant weather prognostics. • f. winds and temperatures aloft. • g. freezing level charts. • h. stability charts. … • FAA-S-8081-10A • Aircraft Dispatcher Practical Test Standards

8. Product Evolution • As the emergence of new weather products accelerates, training may need to shift from product-centric to application-centric. • Guidance must be provided for pilots to assess the suitability, application and integration of weather products to a particular operation.

9. Evolution of Training Materials • Aeronautical Information Manual • ACs, pamphlets, quick reference guides. • Online, down-loadable, and/or CD-ROM tutorials, including interactive trainers.

10. Training Uncertainties or Risks • Product development must include training capabilities (by government or industry, as appropriate). • For the benefits of new products to be fully realized, training must provide the ability to integrate with other weather sources to promote sound decisionmaking.

11. The Importance of Training - An Example • The “Hazardous Misleading Information” Concept. • Airborne Weather Radar • The two indications of severe precipitation are…

12. Training Example • An indication of high reflectivity… MODE RANGE 80 80 160 TEST 80 40 MAP 40 WxA 20 Wx • POWER 10 GAIN TILT BRT OFF ON

13. Training Example • An indication of a void in reflectivity... RANGE MODE 80 80 160 TEST 80 40 MAP 40 WxA 20 Wx • POWER 10 GAIN TILT BRT OFF ON

14. Implementation does not occur until the user is prepared to use the new technology... Training is the key!