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Elements of Film Noir From the French, meaning “black Film” or “Film of the Night”. HUM 110: Introduction to American Film JC Clapp, North Seattle College. Historical Context. World War II, post-war disillusionment (1940s) Soldiers returning home and women losing their jobs
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Elements ofFilm NoirFrom the French, meaning “black Film” or “Film of the Night” HUM 110: Introduction to American FilmJC Clapp, North Seattle College
Historical Context • World War II, post-war disillusionment (1940s) • Soldiers returning home and women losing their jobs • Post-war realism – audiences wanted authenticity and “realistic” • Influence of German Expressionism
Narrative and Themes • Crime/mystery/thriller/gangster genres • “Hard-boiled” pulp fiction detective • No happy endings • Use of flashback and voice-over common • Tight dialogue, witty banter, use of slang • Violent (murder usually, and corruption) • Sexual undertones, suggestive double entendre, verbal sparring • Moral ambiguity, fate • Isolation of cities
Mood and Feeling • Isolation • Claustrophobic • World feels off-balance (constant juxtaposition of light/dark) • Doom • Fear • Betrayal • Hopelessness
Style: Lighting • Traditionally shot on black and white film • Harsh low-key lighting causes stark shadows and silhouettes (the impact of German Expressionism) • Rich, dark blacks with high contrast light – called “chiaroscuro” • Beams of light used as highlights or spotlights • Heavy use of wide-angle lens with deep depth of field • Light used to create vertical, horizontal, or angular lines
Style: Setting and Props • Urban City: sprawling, sordid, seductive, dense, alienating, corrupt, dirty • Dark rooms, night, neon lights • Rain-soaked streets with litter and steam coming from manhole covers • Lavish furnishings in cramped spaces • Back alleyways and back doors • Taxis, bars, apartment buildings • Men in suits and hats, women in dresses • Cigarettes/Smoking
Style: Music • Saxophone solos • Jazz influenced with piano or trumpet
Character: Femme Fatale • a woman: glamorous, sexually available, dangerous, determined, beautiful, strong-willed, scheming, manipulative • Desires wealth/power • Wears revealing or provocative clothes with dark lipstick– has curls, high heels, gloves, fur coats • Smokes seductively • She mixes cocktails, lounges in dressing rooms, and floats around in charge
Character: Conflicted Anti-Hero • single man, usually a detective or private investigator (former cop), psychologically flawed • tough, cynical, morally ambiguous, smug • tempted and seduced by the Femme Fatale • Clean shaven and in a suit and hat