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Biodiversity Notes

Biodiversity Notes. Environmental Science Swenson. Biodiversity. Short for Biological Diversity What does this mean?. Species diversity. number of species in a given area. An island with 2 bird species and 1 lizard species is more diverse than an island with 3 bird species.

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Biodiversity Notes

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  1. Biodiversity Notes Environmental Science Swenson

  2. Biodiversity • Short for Biological Diversity • What does this mean?

  3. Species diversity • number of species in a given area. An island with 2 bird species and 1 lizard species is more diverse than an island with 3 bird species.

  4. Genetic diversity • Variations of genes within a species. Lots of distinct populations within a species (lots of varieties of rice in India--all from same species) OR Genetic Variation within the population as a whole (high in Indian rhinos, low in cheetahs)

  5. Ecosystem diversity • Variety of ecosystems within an area. Very hard to measure due to overlapping boundary areas also called ecotones.

  6. Five Threats of Biodiversity • Habitat destruction/fragmentation • Invasive species • Population growth • Pollution • Over consumption

  7. Habitat Destruction Changing a habitat to suit human needs…for housing, farming, etc. This displaces animals. As the human population grows, so does habitat destruction!

  8. Fragmentation • Breaking up large habitats into smaller habitats. Creates an “edge” habitat where “inner” habitat used to be. Some plants and animals cannot adapt to these changes.

  9. Introduce Flying Carp • Introduced species Asian Beetle Zebra Mussel

  10. Population growth • OF HUMANS! Often relates to habitat loss and overconsumption but also exploitation of resources and contributing pollution

  11. Population expected to reach 8 billion by 2020

  12. Pollution egs • Global Climate Change--many species are intolerant to changes in temperature--affects feeding relationships and breeding patterns. • Acid rain/Air pollution-these types of issues do not respect borders. US acid rain fell in Canada destroying sugar maple forests which upset the amount/quality of maple syrup produced.

  13. Land Pollution Water Pollution Air Pollution

  14. Overconsumption • Industrialized nations make up 25% of the world’s population, but use 75% of its resources. • US makes up only 5% of world’s pop--causes 33% of world’s pollution!

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