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Band residual difference algorithm for operational retrieval of SO 2 from OMI

Band residual difference algorithm for operational retrieval of SO 2 from OMI. N. Krotkov 1 , K. Yang 1 , S. Carn 2 , A. Krueger 2 , P. K. Bhartia 3 Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology (GEST) Center, UMBC, Baltimore, MD Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology (NASA/UMBC), UMBC

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Band residual difference algorithm for operational retrieval of SO 2 from OMI

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  1. Band residual difference algorithm for operational retrieval of SO2 from OMI • N. Krotkov1, K. Yang1, S. Carn2, A. Krueger2 , P. K. Bhartia3 • Goddard Earth Sciences and Technology (GEST) Center, UMBC, Baltimore, MD • Joint Center for Earth Systems Technology (NASA/UMBC), UMBC • Laboratory for Atmospheres, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD • With support from OMI Science and Support Teams

  2. BRD (pair) SO2 algorithm An OMI SO2 Band Residual Difference ( BRD) algorithm [Krotkov et al 2006] uses calibrated residuals at SO2 absorption band centers produced by the NASA operational ozone algorithm (OMTO3) [Bhartia et al 2002]

  3. Operational OMI SO2 products • Scheduled for public release in summer 2006 The operational OMI SO2 product contains retrieved SO2 amounts for 3 separate SO2 vertical profiles: • Explosive eruption clouds [15 km altitude, large SO2 loading, >50 DU] – NEWalgorithm • Passive volcanic degassing [5 km altitude, low SO2 loading, 0-10 DU] – NEWtemperature • Anthropogenic SO2 pollution; low altitude volcanoes [<3 km altitude (PBL), low SO2 loading] - TBD: AMF, background correction

  4. Anthropogenic SO2 • SO2 emissions have been measured by OMI over known sources of air pollution, such as Eastern China and Eastern Europe

  5. Anthropogenic SO2 burdens in Asia • Norislk Nickel is one of Russia’s heaviest industrial polluters • World’s biggest producer of nickel and palladium • Plans to reduce SO2 emissions by 80-90% by 2015

  6. Persian Gulf region • SO2 emissions associated with oil and gas refining in the Persian Gulf (Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Iran, UAE) • Outgassing flares from oil fields in the Gulf produce detectable SO2

  7. Cumulative SO2 for SW Pacific: Sep 2004 - Sep 2005 China Anatahan Manam Bagana Ambrym

  8. Effect of clouds on PBL AMF

  9. PBL SO2 : Cloud artifacts: July 10 2005

  10. PBL SO2 Reflectivity < 20% July 10 2005

  11. PBL SO2 Reflectivity < 20% July 10 – July 25 2005

  12. Degassing ( 5km) background:

  13. Changes at Merapi (Java, Indonesia) seen by OMI Merapi Average SO2 June 1-7, 2006 Average SO2 June 8-14, 2006

  14. Large SO2 plume from Merapi on June 15

  15. New algorithm for 15km product: Sierra Negra Oct 24 2005 • Use longer wavelengths (322nm – 360nm). Find largest SO2 loading • Low temperature SCIA SO2 cross-sections. Ozone error corrections NEW OLD • Similar with BRD results for small SO2 loadings ~10 DU

  16. New algorithm for 15km product (Montserrat May 20 2006) • Use longer wavelengths (322nm – 360nm). Find largest SO2 loading • Low temperature SCIA SO2 cross-sections. Ozone error corrections OLD NEW • Similar with BRD results for small SO2 loadings ~10 DU

  17. BRD algorithm updates • New algorithm for Explosive eruption clouds [15 km altitude, large SO2 loading, >20 DU] • SCIA SO2 cross-sections (T dependent ) • Empirical background SO2 correction – TBD • AMF for PBL SO2 - TBD • Filter out clouds for PBL So2 data - TBD

  18. backup

  19. OMTO3 ozone : July 10 2005

  20. Volcanic (15km) background: July 10 2005

  21. PBL AMF PBL AMF was modeled at BRD wavelengths to convert SCD to VCD

  22. Can we use OMI SO2 data to infer volcanic SO2 fluxes? • Kilauea (Hawaii) example • y-axis: ground-based measurements from HVO • x-axis: SO2 flux derived from OMI data using wind-speed measured at Kilauea • Red symbols: • 50 > OMI xTrack > 10 • Correlation is reasonable, though OMI estimates are an order of magnitude low

  23. Changes at Soufriere Hills (Montserrat) seen by OMI Prior to May 20 eruption Post-May 20 eruption  Increase in degassing due to removal of lava dome on May 20

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