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Today’s Transportation Needs

This presentation at the ZEV Technologies Conference in 2006 by Stuart Evans of Delta-Q Technologies covers the evolution of battery charging for electric drive vehicles. It delves into the requirements, historical perspectives, current solutions, and future advancements in electric vehicle charging technology. The talk highlights the shift from off-board to on-board charging, the importance of high-frequency technology for efficiency, and design factors crucial for onboard charging systems. With a focus on HF switchmode technology, the presentation discusses space-saving benefits, reduced weight, increased reliability, cost efficiency, thermal considerations, cabling requirements, maintenance aspects, and user-friendly features of next-generation battery chargers for electric vehicles. It also explores innovative solutions like integrated packaging for cooling/heating, 12V DC-DC converters, and intelligent control systems tailored to meet Time of Use requirements. The talk concludes with insights on plug-in HEV chargers, Prius conversion case studies, and upcoming HF charger solutions poised to revolutionize battery charging for electric vehicles.

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Today’s Transportation Needs

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  1. Today’s Transportation Needs 115 VAC Battery Charging for Electric Drive Vehicles Presented to ZEV Technologies Conference 25-27 September 2006 Stuart Evans, AScT Director of Sales sevans@delta-q.com www.delta-q.com Power in Motion

  2. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Presentation Overview • Electric Drive Charge Requirements • Early/Traditional Chargers • Present-day Chargers • Chargers for the Near Future

  3. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Typical Electric Drive Charger • Majority of applications (>300,000/year) are battery operated industrial equipment and electric utility vehicles not on-road battery electric vehicles (BEV) • ~1kW power level plugged into 115VAC (Typical domestic power outlet) Intelligence to work within Time of Use requirements • Typically 24-72V, ~10kWh lead-acid battery pack to be charged overnight • Trend from off-board to on-board charging enabled by high frequency (HF) Technology

  4. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Electric Drive Applications

  5. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Battery Charging Solutions Off-board chargers in fleet application

  6. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Battery Charging Solutions Early onboard application

  7. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Design Factors for Onboard Charging • Space • Weight • Reliability • Cost • Thermal Efficiency • Cabling • Maintenance • Ease of Use • Charge time

  8. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers HF Switchmode Technology Space – typically ¼ volume of low or line frequency (LF) Weight – typically <¼ weight of LF Reliability – HF technology is maturing, >50,000 hours MTBF Cost – Silicon/microprocessor dominant design vs. line frequency transformer copper and iron Thermal Efficiency – HF allows for sealed convection cooling or active cooling

  9. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers HF Switchmode Technology Cabling – HF capability can include interlock, battery temp monitoring, communications, drivers for SOC and SOH display Maintenance – sophisticated charge algorithms optimized for battery type and minimum charge times Ease of Use – plug and play, active PFC, universal AC input

  10. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Battery EV Charger Onboard application using HF charger

  11. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers Plug-in HEV Charger Battery Charging Solutions Prius Conversion • ~1000W, 250V • Universal I/P, .99 PF • Sealed construction, high efficiency • Li (Valence) batteries

  12. Introduction Electric Drive Charge Requirements Early Chargers Present-day Chargers Future chargers HF Charger Solutions – Near Future • Integrated packaging solutions for mutual cooling/heating of charger and battery pack • Integrated electrical solutions: 12V DC-DC for either auxiliary supply (BEV) or to power 12V systems when charging/key-off (PHEV) • Intelligence to work within Time of Use requirements • Integrated control or PLC communications to accommodate load shedding by utility • Communications and ID systems to enable single subscriber billing for charging away from home

  13. Power in Motion Stuart Evans 604-327-8244x108 sevans@delta-q.com www.delta-q.com

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