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The French Revolution

Explore the turbulent period of the French Revolution from 1775-1793. Learn about the causes, including financial ruin and the resurgence of nobility. Discover key events such as the Storming of the Bastille and the Great Fear. Understand the government reforms, including the adoption of the August Decrees and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.

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The French Revolution

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  1. The French Revolution

  2. The French Monarchy:1775 - 1793 Marie Antoinette & Louis XVI

  3. Let Them Eat Cake! The Necklace Scandal “Madame Deficit” “The Austrian Whore”

  4. The French Urban Poor Arthur Young Travels in France

  5. Socio-Economic Data, 1789

  6. Where is the tax money?

  7. Lettres de Cachet The French king could warrantimprisonment or death in asigned letter under his seal. A carte-blanche warrant. Cardinal Fleury issued 80,000during the reign of Louis XV! Eliminated in 1790.

  8. The Number of Representativesin the Estates General: Clergy 1st Estate 300 Aristocracy 2nd Estate 300 648 Commoners 3rd Estate

  9. The Suggested Voting Pattern:Voting by Estates Clergy 1st Estate 1 Aristocracy 2nd Estate 1 1 Commoners 3rd Estate Sieyes What is the Third Estate?

  10. Convening the Estates General May, 1789 The Cahiers

  11. Key Causes • Property Rights - still very feudal • Financial ruin - debt, ineffective taxation, failed reforms, poverty • Resurgence of nobility v. Rising Bourgeoisie OR Purely Political (Classical vs Revisionist view) • Commoners • Fear, desperation, Storming of Bastille & The Great Fear

  12. “The Tennis Court Oath”by Jacques Louis David June 20, 1789

  13. Storming the Bastille, July 14, 1789 A rumor that the king was planning a military coup against the National Assembly. 18 died. 73 wounded. 7 guards killed.

  14. The Great Fear: Peasant Revolt(July 20, 1789) Rumors that the feudal aristocracy were sending hired brigands to attack peasants and pillage their land.

  15. “Great Fear”

  16. The First PhaseModerate Constituent Assembly 1789-1791

  17. National Constituent Assembly1789 - 1791 • Adopt the August DecreesAugust 4-11, 1789 • A rejection of aristocratic privileges! 2. The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen • Liberty, property

  18. Garnering Peaceful Support

  19. The “October Days” (1789) Violence & Fear Again!... Tuileries Palace Flight of the Émigrés March of the Women

  20. To Versailles

  21. Louis XVI “Accepts” the Constitution & the National Assembly. 1791

  22. Would it be correct to say that the French Revolution did not truly get underway until two years after its beginning?

  23. French Constitution of 1791 A Bourgeois Government

  24. A New Government • King with suspensive veto • Legislative Assembly • Elected by “active citizens” • An independent judiciary • 83 Departments • Financed by church lands - assignats

  25. Relationship with the Church Revolution is anti-clerical! Begins the long relationship between the Church and Conservative forces

  26. Civil Constitution of the Clergy • Government paid the salaries of the French clergy and maintained the churches. • The church was reorganized: • Parish priests were elected by the district assemblies. • Bishops were named by the department assemblies. • The pope had NO voice in the appointment of the French clergy. • It transformed France’s Roman Catholic Churchinto a branch of the state!!

  27. October 1791:Constituent Assembly disbands for Legislative Assembly under New Constitution

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