Aging Applications of Human Motion and Activity Detection

1. Aging Applications of Human Motion and Activity Detection Sara Honn Qualls, Ph.D. Director, Gerontology Center Sara Qualls

2. Source: The Sex and Age Distribution of the World Populations: 1998 Revision, Volume II: Sex and Age (United Nations publication, Sales No. E.99.XIII.8), medium variant projections. Figure 1. Population pyramids: age and sex distribution, 2000 and 2050. Sara Qualls

3. Figure 2: Three Centuries of World Population Ageing Sara Qualls

4. Figure 5: Proportion of Total Population Aged 0-14 and 60 and Over.More and Less Developed Regions, 1950-2050. (Medium Variant Projections) Sara Qualls

5. Figure 4: Median Age by Region, 1999-2050 Sara Qualls

6. Goal: Successful Aging Avoiding Disease Successful Aging Engaging with life Maintaining cognitive and physical function Sara Qualls McArthur Foundation study; Rowe & Kahn

7. Aging brings illness risk… • Probability of chronic illness increases with age (and varies by social class) • 80% of older people in community have at least one chronic disease • Lower social class is associated with earlier onset of most chronic illnesses Sara Qualls

8. Common Chronic Diseases (65+): • Arthritis -> 50% • Hypertension -> 38% • Hearing impairments -> 28% • Heart Disease -> 28% • Mental disorders -> 20% • Common causes of death: • heart disease • cancer • stroke Sara Qualls

9. Motion Detection Applications • Rehabilitation: Visual feedback of movement to aid in self-correction • Speech therapy • Stroke recovery – walking therapy • Physical therapy for posture Purpose: Provide real time motion tracking of movement to compare with movement goal Sara Qualls

10. Illness vs. functional health • Functional disability increases with age • Activities of Daily Living (ADL’s) • Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL’s) Sara Qualls

11. Activities of Daily Living (ADL’s) • Mobility • Bathing and hygiene • Transfers • Toileting • Dressing • Feeding self Sara Qualls

12. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL’s) • Shopping • Cooking • Housekeeping • Finances • Transportation • Medication Management Sara Qualls

13. Cognitive Impairment • 5-6% of persons age 65+ • Risk doubles every 5 years • > 85, 35-50% have significant CI Sara Qualls

14. Lifespan Trajectory Pragmatics Mechanics Sara Qualls

15. Cognitive Impairments Impact… • Executive Function – time, sequencing, impulse control • Problem-solving • Memory • Language – expressive/receptive/processing • Attention Sara Qualls

16. Presentation of Clinical Levels of CI • Frustration • Anger • Slow responses • Personality changes • Memory • Difficulty with complex tasks • Inappropriate responding • Reduced rate of behavior (lack of initiation) Sara Qualls

17. Motion Detection Applications • Prompting self-care activities • Medication management – prompt pill taking and monitor actual ingestion b) Model actions visually, synchronous in time with the target person’s efforts to prompt step-by-step actions needed in complex sequences Sara Qualls

18. Motion Detection Applications • Monitoring Safety • Tracking location • GPS locators map resident location onto computerized blueprint of a facility • Tracking and prompting while on neighborhood walks or drives • Tracking falls • Movement from bed -> floor • Unusual movement from chair Sara Qualls

19. Motion Detection Applications 4) Redirecting or distracting from inappropriate movement by cognitively impaired person • When entering another resident’s room or exiting building • Offering reassurance to agitated person Sara Qualls

20. Motion Detection Applications 5) Collaborative cognition • Multiple individuals working together often notice each others’ errors and offer corrective advice Back-Seat Driving b) Motion sensing devices could offer corrective feedback on complex tasks • Driving – lane changes or tailgaiting • Shopping Sara Qualls

21. Age-related Changes in Emotion 1. Age impairs detection of negative emotion in others a. Deficits in detecting anger and fear b. Maintained ability to detect happy • Age blunts intensity of emotional experience Sara Qualls

22. Age-related Changes in Emotion • Social relationships are selected for emotion regulation benefits more than for information or exploration • Elderly persons are more vulnerable to fraud and exploitation due to • Cognitive decline impairs reason • Emotion function of brain loses acuity Sara Qualls

23. Motion Detection Applications • Monitoring emotion in elders • Those with potential for dangerous behavior • Those who show only subtle emotion signals of their inner experience • Assisting elders with monitoring and interpreting emotional cues (e.g., in important legal and financial interpersonal conversations or family interactions) Sara Qualls

24. Resources • Networking organization: Center for Aging Services Technologies - www.agingtech.org • Private company product for monitoring activity patterns: www.quietcare.com • CU center for adaptive technology for persons with disability: www.uchsc.edu/atp/ Sara Qualls

25. Sara Qualls