Fashion Through the Last 100 Years Who and What has influenced fashion???

1. Fashion Through the Last 100 Years • Who and What has influenced fashion???

2. 1910 - 1919 • Trend: Feminine; hemlines were floor-length to above the ankle • Silhouette: Softer, fluid lines; straighter skirts, easy movement; corsets were no longer in fashion • Fabrics: Gossamer, silk • Colors: Pastels; vivid, bright, and bold colors made by new dyeing techniques • Designers: Paul Poiret, Jeanne Paquin Historical events of the time 1910 – Ballets Russes perform in Paris, inspiring Asian-influenced harem pants, kimonos, and turbans (black and white photo) 1912 – Sinking of the Titanic (typical fashion worn by women at that time is shown above right) 1914-1918 – World War I; skirts rise to mid-calf, colors get darker and monochromatic, and clothes become practical for women to work in (bottom left picture) 1916 – First issue of Vogue

3. 1920s • Trend: Sporty, athletic; short, bob hairstyle; sleeveless dresses; knee-length hemlines; high heels; cloche hats; costume jewelry • Silhouette: Straight lines; waist is lowered to hip on dresses; no defined waistline; diagonal hems • Fabrics: Cotton, knits, jersey, tweeds, fringe, beading • Colors: Bold color combinations; solid shades; geometric patterns • Designers: Coco Chanel, Jean Patou Historical events of the time 1920 – Women are granted the right to vote, leading to more independence 1923 – Flapper style becomes popular when short skirts are necessary for dancing the Charleston 1926 – Coco Chanel creates the “little black dress” which becomes one of the most essential pieces in fashion 1929 – Stock market crashes, leading to the Great Depression

4. 1930s • Trend: Feminine; menswear-inspired; mid-calf hemlines; sportswear; pant suits; backless gowns; wedge heels • Silhouette: Clean lines; cinched in waist; narrow hips; broad shoulders; triangular shape • Fabrics: Bias-cut; silk, gabardine, chiffon; pleats and draping • Colors: Muted colors and refined, elegant shades • Designers: Elsa Schiaparelli, Charles James Historical events of the time 1930 – the Great Depression begins a time of hardship, bad economy, and unemployment 1931 – Empire State Building is completed, showcasing the trend of Art Deco design 1937 – Amelia Earhart vanishes (masculine style clothes are inspired by her) 1939 – World War II begins

5. 1940s • Trend: Fabric shortage caused shorter hemlines; shirtdresses; thick heels; mix and match styles; military-look • Silhouette: A-line skirts; straight skirts; feminine shapes; square shoulders • Fabrics: Gingham, denim, mix and match patterns; using older clothes to make new clothes • Colors: Patriotic colors, navy, gray, and brown • Designers: Claire McCardell, Christian Dior Historical events of the time 1940 – 1945 – Women work outside the home while men are fighting war; practical clothes are in style 1942 – T-shirt is introduced 1945 – World War II ends; women go back to being homemakers; housework-inspired clothes are in style 1946 – Bikinis are introduced

6. 1950s • Trend: Retro fashion of the early 1900s; feminine; cocktail dresses; bolero jackets; pencil skirts; petticoat skirts; Capri pants; ballerina flats; stiletto heels; gloves • Silhouette: Hour glass shape; cinched in waist, flared skirt, soft shoulders • Fabrics: Taffeta, wools, gazar silk • Colors: Pastels, grays, muted shades and jewel tones • Designers: Valentino, Cristobal Balenciaga Historical events of the time 1951 – Color TV is introduced 1954 – Chanel introduces her famous black collarless suit jacket and skirt with gold chain trim 1955 – Disneyland opens 1959 – Barbie is introduced

7. 1960s • Trend: Early 60s – a-lines and pencil skirts, Jackie Kennedy style; Mid 60s – Mod, miniskirts; Late 60s – hippie, relaxed clothes • Silhouette: Straight line, waistless shift; trapeze dress; bell sleeves • Fabrics: Geometric patterns, cotton, jersey, wool, crochet • Colors: Pales, black, white, bright, bold, tie-dye, neon • Designers: Mary Quant, Pierre Cardin, Laura Ashley, Pucci Historical events of the time 1963 – John F. Kennedy is assassinated ending Camelot era and Jackie Kennedy fashion 1964 – Beatles become popular in U.S., starting London style and Mod fashion 1969 – First man on moon; Woodstock sparks hippie fashion

8. 1970s • Trend: Bell bottom pants; platform shoes; wrap dresses; gaucho pants; Annie Hall menswear look • Silhouette: A-line skirts; body- draping clothes; above-the-knee to mid-calf hemlines; softer shapes • Fabrics: Plaids, polyester, rayon, jersey, tweed, wool • Colors: Patriotic colors (honoring bicentennial); pastels; bright, shimmery satins; muted tweeds for work • Designers: Ralph Lauren, Halston, Gucci, Diane Von Furstenberg Historical events of the time 1970 – Beatles break up 1973 – DVF creates first wrap dress 1975 – Microsoft founded 1977 – Star Wars premieres

9. 1980s • Trend: Preppie look; pop music styles; retro fashion of the 1950s; cocktail dresses; acid wash jeans, designer jeans; big hair; balloon skirts; crop tops; exercise wear (bicycle shorts, legwarmers); ballerina flats; leggings; tunics; big sweaters; pumps • Silhouette: Bulky top with skinny bottom; shoulder pads; tight jeans; shorter hemlines; feminine 1950s hour glass shape • Fabrics: Taffeta, tulle, lycra, rayon, denim, sequins, knits • Colors:Neons, brights, jewel tones, bold, black • Designers: Donna Karan, Betsey Johnson, Perry Ellis, Calvin Klein Historical events of the time 1981 – Royal Wedding of Lady Diana and Prince Charles 1982 – Michael Jackson releases Thriller 1986 – Chernobyl nuclear accident 1987 – Stock Market crashes 1989 – Berlin wall comes down

10. 1990s • Trend: crop tops; baggy jeans; tapered leg jeans; floral dresses; boyfriend blazers; palazzo pants; grunge style; lumberjack shirts; overalls; platform tennis shoes • Silhouette: Baggy top with small bottom or small top with baggy bottom; long, slender shapes; flowing lines • Fabrics: Cotton, denim, knits, flannel, spandex • Colors: dark, muted; floral patterns; plaid; color block; monochromatic; black • Designers:Giani Versace, Marc Jacobs, Michael Kors, Tom Ford Historical events of the time 1991 – Collapse of the Soviet Union 1992 – Official end of the Cold War 1993 – Internet is widely used 1994 – Kurt Cobain dies, ending Grunge era 1997 – Princess Diana dies

11. 2000 - 2010 • Trend: Vintage and Retro fashion; long lines from the 1930s, nautical look from 1930s and 1940s, shirtdresses from 1940s and 1970s, bohemian skirts and tops from 1970s; skinny jeans and tunics from 1980s • Silhouette: long, lean; straight skirts; short skirts; tapered legs on pants; feminine and masculine shapes • Fabrics: Cotton, knits, jersey, khaki, linen, rayon; vintage clothes • Colors: All colors from muted and pale to bold and neon • Designers: Alexander McQueen, Vivienne Westwood, Alexander Wang, Stella McCartney, classic and vintage Historical events of the time 2001 – Attacks on World Trade Center 2003 – War in Iraq begins 2005 – Hurricane Katrina 2008 – Obama is elected first African American President 2010 – Alexander McQueen dies