LESSON

1. LESSON Exploring the Animal Industry

2. Interest Approach • Form students into groups of 3-5 individuals. • Each group should select a chairperson and a recorder. • Have each group develop a list of the ways animals benefit humans. • Have each group rank the items on their lists, with 1 being the most important and the highest number being least important. • Allow 10-15 minutes for this activity.

3. Interest Approach • Afterward, call on the recorder for each group to give a report. • One strategy is to have the recorder list the benefits in order of importance on the writing surface. • Go through the reports from each group and have students consolidate the lists into one overall list. • The numerical rankings can be used in the consolidation process. (The list should be retained for future reference as this lesson is taught. Students should record the list in their notebooks.)

4. Objectives • Define the term animal industry and explain important areas of the industry. • Describe the uses of animals. • Explain animal domestication. • List and describe important areas in animal care and production.

5. Animal domestication Animal environment Animal health Animal industry Animal marketing Animal nutrition Animal production Animal products Animal reproduction Animal selection Animal services Animal supplies Animal well-being Beef Companion animal Draft animal Feral animal Lamb Mutton Pork Veal Wildlife Terms

6. What is the animal industry? • The animal industry is all of the activities in producing animals and their products or benefits to meet the needs of people.

7. What is the animal industry? What areas are important in the industry? • Many competencies are needed to assure that animals receive care that promotes their well-being. • People need to understand the unique characteristics of the species they are producing.

8. What areas are important in the industry? • The animal industry has several important areas. • These contribute to animal production for maximum human benefit.

9. What areas are important in the industry? • 1. Animal production is producing animals for food and other uses. • The kinds of animals produced and nature of production practices varies depending on interests and technology. • Production may be quite specialized to provide a specific animal product.

10. What areas are important in the industry? • Animal supplies is the area of the animal industry that provides the goods or products needed to produce animals. • These typically come from sources off the production facility. • Examples include feed, medicine, and equipment.

11. What areas are important in the industry? • Animal services is the area of the animal industry that includes the professional and technical assistance that producers need and use in efficiently producing animals. • Examples include veterinarians, farriers, and shearers.

12. What areas are important in the industry? • Animal marketing is all of the activities in assuring that consumers have the desired animal products. • It includes processes in transporting, grading, selling, and related areas. • Marketing is the link between the producer and the consumer.

13. What areas are important in the industry? • Animal products is the preparation of animals for human use or consumption. • It is closely related to marketing. • The functions vary with the product. • Milk, eggs, wool, and animals for meat go through different processes in preparing them for consumption. • Some animals are for companionship, safety, or other purposes and do not produce products.

14. How are animals used? • Animals are used in many ways to help people enjoy life and meet basic needs.

15. How are animals used? • 1. Food - Animals and their products provide food for humans and other animals. • Cattle, hogs, chickens, and sheep are among the most important sources of food. • Fish and other seafood, turkey, and wildlife or game animals also provide food.

16. How are animals used? • In some cases, the animals are killed to gain their products such as meat. • In other cases, the products are produced without destroying the animal, such as eggs and milk. • The products obtained vary by the kind of animal and its age.

17. How are animals used? • For example, beef is the meat of cattle except that veal is the meat of cattle younger than three months of age. • Pork is the meat from hogs (swine). • Lamb is the meat of a sheep that is less than one year of age. • Mutton is the meat of a sheep that is over one year of age.

18. How are animals used? • 2. Clothing and ornamentation - Some animals provide products that are used for clothing, buttons, jewelry, and other uses. • Sheep provide wool, oysters provide pearls, and most vertebrates provide bone for buttons and other uses.

19. How are animals used? • 3. Pleasure and companionship - Some animals enrich human lives. • Dogs, cats, and others are kept as companion animals (pets). • A companion animal is an animal kept by humans for enjoyment in a long-term relationship. • Horses and other animals may be raced for recreation.

20. How are animals used? • 4. Service - Animals provide many kinds of services. • Examples of services include guarding property, herding other animals, and guiding people who are blind. • Animals that pull heavy loads are sometimes included as service animals. • An animal kept for pulling and working is a draft animal, with horses, buffalo, and mules being most important.

21. How are animals used? • 5. Research and laboratory products - Animals are used to develop and test products that benefit humans. • These are important uses that some people question. • New medicines, cosmetics, and health care often involve animals. • Animal tissues are used in human health care, such as the heart or other parts of hogs that are used in human bodies.

22. How are animals used? • 6. Environmental well-being - Animals have important roles in the environment. • They serve important niches in the ecology of the Earth.

23. How are animals used? • They help clean the environment, such as those that eat carrion (dead animals), with the vulture being an example. • Some animals serve in the food chain as food for other animals. • Animals provide genetic material for research and other uses by science and medicine.

24. How are animals used? • B. People differ in how they feel animals should be used. • Some people feel that animals should be protected and not used by humans. • Other people feel that it is okay to use animals in so long as the animals do not suffer in the process.

25. What is animal domestication? • III. Animal domestication is removing animals from wild settings and raising them in a controlled environment. • Domestication usually results in all members of a species being domesticated. • Animals that have not been domesticated are known as wildlife.

26. What is animal domestication? • A member of species that was once domesticated but has returned to live in the wild is a feral animal. • Examples of feral animals include wild dogs and horses. • Domesticated animals depend on humans to provide for most of their needs, such as a good pasture for cattle.

27. What is animal domestication? • A. Animal domestication began thousands of years ago with goats, donkeys, and a few other species. • 1. People began domestication because it was easier to have a consistent food supply if animals did not have to be hunted in the wild.

28. What is animal domestication? • 2. Domestication also allowed people to use animals for power in pulling loads. • 3. Some animals and their owners developed an in attachment to each other and became companion animals.

29. What is animal domestication? • B. Domestication continues today, with new species now undergoing domestication. An example is elk. • Some people are beginning to farm elk though most still exist in the wild. • Bison and some fish species are other examples that are being domesticated.

30. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • IV. Successful animal production requires care and management. • A. Animal well-being is an important part of care and management.

31. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • Animal well-being is caring for an animal so that all of its needs are met and it does not suffer. • It also includes taking steps to make the animal healthy, such as providing proper feed and water.

32. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • B. Several areas are important in animal care and management. • These are related to successfully producing animals. • With study and experience, individuals can develop the knowledge and skill in providing care and management.

33. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • 1. Proper selection - Animal selection is choosing animals to achieve desired goals. • This includes selecting animals for specific characteristics and those that are adapted to the situation in which they will be raised. • Profitability for commercial animal producers requires the production of quality animals..

34. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • 2. Nutrition - Animal nutrition is the kind and amount of feed and water an animal needs and how the animal uses these food substances. • The needs of animals are dependent on age and condition.

35. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • 3. Health - Animal health is the condition in which the animal is free of disease and all body systems are functioning properly. • Good nutrition and environment promote health. • Vaccination and other health-promoting management is beneficial.

36. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • 4. Reproduction - Animal reproduction is the process by which offspring are produced. • Understanding reproductive processes of the species is essential for successful animal production.

37. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • 5. Environment - Animal environment is the surroundings in which an animal is living. • Some animals are adapted to the natural weather environment; other animals need housing and protection.

38. What are the important areas in animal care and production? • Environment also includes hauling, handling, penning, and other conditions or situations in which animals may be placed as part of their production.

39. Review/Summary • 1. Define the term animal industry and explain important areas of the industry. • 2. What are some uses of animals? • 3. What is animal domestication? • 4. What are the important areas in animal care and production?