1 / 9

Introduction to Biology

This introductory chapter outlines the fundamental aspects of life, such as cell theory, cellular structures, prokaryotes vs eukaryotes, growth, development, internal regulation, response to stimuli, reproduction, and evolution in the context of organism and ecological organization.

ecombs
Download Presentation

Introduction to Biology

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Introduction to Biology Chapter 1

  2. Characteristics of Life • Cells: • Cell theory: all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, cells come from pre-existing cells • Cellular structures: plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA • Prokaryotes: no internal membrane-bound organelles • Eukaryotes: internal membrane-bound organelles, including a nucleus • Unicellular versus multicellular: generalists versus specialists

  3. Characteristics of Life… • Growth • Increase in size • Increase in number of cells • Or both • Development • Increase in complexity • Changes in function

  4. Characteristics of Life… • Internal regulation • Metabolism – chemical reactions and energy transformations • Example: • Homeostasis – maintenance of internal balance • Example:

  5. Characteristics of Life… • Response to stimuli • Changes – physical or chemical; internal or external… sensory information • Examples: • Responses – reactions can be physical or chemical • Examples:

  6. Characteristics of Life… • Reproduction • Asexual – simple organisms • Advantages: • Disadvantages: • Sexual – complex organisms • Advantages: • Disadvantages:

  7. Characteristics of Life… • Evolution • On the population scale • Means to change over time • Become more ‘suited’ to the environment… more adapted • Examples:

  8. Organism organization • Atom (one kind of thing) • … molecules (different atoms) • … macromolecules (different functional groups) • … organelles (one function) • … cells (all functions of life) • … tissues (one type of cell) • … organs (several tissue types; one function) • … organ systems (several organ types; one function) • … organism (all the organ systems must work together)

  9. Ecological organization • Individual organism (species) • … population (all members of one species in one place at one time) • … community (all the populations in an area) • … ecosystem (the community and nonliving parts of an area) • … biosphere (all places on Earth where life can exist)

More Related