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Democracy Develops in England

This article traces the historical journey of democracy in medieval England, starting with William the Conqueror's conquest in 1066, the end of feudalism, King Henry II's legal reforms, the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215, and the strengthening of Parliament. It further delves into the challenges faced during James I and Charles' reigns, the English Civil War, Oliver Cromwell's rule, the Restoration, and the Glorious Revolution of 1689. The establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the English Bill of Rights are highlighted, showcasing how these events laid the foundation for modern democratic principles. Learn about the political and economic structures, development of democracy, and the significant legacy of England's evolution towards democracy.

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Democracy Develops in England

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  1. Democracy Develops in England

  2. I. Reforms in Medieval England A. William (France) the Conqueror 1. Conquers Great Britain 1066. Battle of Hastings. 2. End of Feudalism 3. Political and economic structures of the Middle Ages 4. Development of Democracy

  3. King Henry II 1154-1189 • 1.Descendent of William 2. Developed Juries (12 men) – Did not decide guilt/innocence. Gave Facts about the case 3. Developed Common Law - Unified system of laws for England

  4. C. Magna Carta (1215) 63 clauses 1. King John raises taxes to pay for unpopular war with France 2. English nobles force King John to sign Magna Carta 3. Monarchs had no right to rule however they wanted to. Must Follow Law (Due Process of Law)

  5. II. Parliament Grows Stronger • A. Parliament was created in 1295 by John’s grandson, Edward I. • Parliament Had “Power of the Purse”. Why was this Important? • Challenged Divine right of Kings – Monarchs are chosen by god and are only responsible to god

  6. C. James I (Stuart) of Scotland takes over after Elizabeth I (Tudor) dies with no heir. What problems does this create? D. Son Charles takes over in 1625. Needs money for war. Has to get permission from parliament. 1640. Executed in 1649. D. English Civil War breaks out in 1642 (Royalists pro –monarchy v. anti-royalists)

  7. III. Establishment of Constitutional Monarchy A. Anti-Royalists win and Oliver Cromwell Controls Government B. Parliament moves too slowly for Cromwell C. He becomes a Tyrant, dissolves Parliament and the English are happy about his death in 1698 (fever)

  8. D. Restoration 1. Monarchy is brought back in 1660 (Charles I son, Charles II takes throne) 2. New Parliament is brought back with same powers that had been won 3. Charles II dies in 1685. Brother James II becomes king. He is a catholic.

  9. E. Glorious Revolution 1. King James II is next in line to rule, but he is catholic and Parliament does not want that 2. Parliament convinces William and Mary to become ruler (William of Orange was rule of Netherlands) in 1689. 3. Parliament establishes right to limit kings power and control succession

  10. F. English Bill of Rights 1689 1. Parliament consent to tax 2. Parliament free speech 3. No army in Peacetime w/out parliament Consent 4. No cruel or unusual punishment

  11. G. England Legacy 1. Citizens had Rule of Law 2. Example for US bill of rights 3. Give rise to revolutions in England and France

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