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Prologue Sec 3 Democracy Develops in England I. Reforms in Medieval England A. Reforms

Prologue Sec 3 Democracy Develops in England I. Reforms in Medieval England A. Reforms. William , duke of Normandy, Claimed the English throne & thus ended feudalism, created a central govt. thus beginning the early developments of democracy

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Prologue Sec 3 Democracy Develops in England I. Reforms in Medieval England A. Reforms

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  1. Prologue Sec 3 Democracy Develops in EnglandI. Reforms in Medieval EnglandA. Reforms • William, duke of Normandy, Claimed the English throne & thus ended feudalism, created a central govt. thus beginning the early developments of democracy • William’s descendant Henry II ruled from 1154-1189 and continued with reforms

  2. B. Juries and Common Law • Henry created a jury trial where a judge would ask 12 men in the community facts about the case; people preferred this over duels • Legal decisions became precedents to use for future cases, known as common law • Common Law- customs & principles established over time

  3. C. The Magna Carta • King John’s poor leadership led to the creation of the Magna Carta which were written demands made by the nobles guaranteeing certain traditional political rights • Its main purpose was to enforce that monarchs had no right to rule in any way they please • They had to govern according to law

  4. C. The Magna Carta 3. Process of Law- stated that the king could not punish without just cause 4. King could not levy taxes w/o the consent of Parliament-England’s national legislature

  5. D. Model Parliament • They voted on taxes, reforms, & consolidate laws • It was broken up into 2 sections- Nobles-House of Lords, & commoners-House of Commons

  6. II. Parliament Grows StrongerA. Conflict With the Monarch • Conflict began because Parliament viewed itself as a partner with the Monarch • Monarchs believed in the 1600s that their power came from god known as divine right

  7. A. Conflict With the Monarch 3. King James I, a Stuart, ignored Parliaments power & thus started a civil war 4. People also accused him of tyranny

  8. B. Parliament Overthrows the King • King Charles signed the Petition of Right which went against theories of absolute monarchies • King Charles then reneged and caused a civil war-Royalist vs. Antiroyalist • Antiroyalist led by Puritan Oliver Cromwell won and executed King Charles

  9. III. Establishment of Constitutional Monarchy 1. In 1653 Cromwell dissolved Parliament and created a government called the Protectorate 2. Basically it was a military dictatorship where he had all the power like a king

  10. A. Restoration • 1. His son Richard succeeded him but was weak & resigned his power & Parliament was restored in 1660 • 2. Parliament regained its original power & continued to limit the powers of the monarch • 3. Example-Habeas Corpus-authorities cannot detain person unjustly-in use in the U.S.

  11. B. Glorious Revolution 1. Basically forced King James out of office and gave the throne to his Protestant daughter Mary & her husband William of Orange (ruler from the Netherlands

  12. B. Glorious Revolution 2. Parliament now had the right to pick the king & hold most of the power 3. This is a constitutional Monarchy where the powers of the ruler are controlled by the constitution & laws of the country

  13. C. Bill of Rights 1. Bill of Rights- formal summary of rights & liberties believed essential to people 2. Bill of Rights would also be used as grievances by the American colonist

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