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Reported Speech

Reported Speech. Imperatives. Reported Speech : Orders and requests. We report orders with tell+object +( not )+ infinitive Example : D.S “ Take the pills before breakfast ” the doctor said I.S The doctor told me to take the pills before breakfast

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Reported Speech

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  1. Reported Speech Imperatives

  2. ReportedSpeech: Orders and requests • We reportorders with tell+object+(not)+ infinitive Example: D.S “Takethepillsbeforebreakfast” the doctor said I.S The doctor told me totakethepillsbeforebreakfast D.S “Don’tsmoke!” the doctor said I.S The doctor told me nottosmoke. • We reportrequests with ask+ object+ (not)+ infinitive Example: D.S “Can youparkthe car here,please?” asked Peter I.S Peter asked me toparkthe car there. D.S “Wouldyoumindnotleavingthe car here?” asked Peter I.S Peter asked me nottoleavethe car there.

  3. Reported Speech: suggestions, advice, offers,… • We reportadvicewiththereportingverbadvise+object+ infinitive: Example: D.S “Thinkagainbeforeyou decide” , he advised me. I.S Thelawyeradvised me tothinkagainbefore I decide. • We reportoffers with the reporting verboffer + infinitive: Example : D.S “I’llbaby-sittonight” shesaid. I.S He offeredtobaby-sittonight / thatnight.

  4. We do not use infinitivestructures with theverbsuggest. Instead: • suggest + that + p.pronoun + should • suggest + __ing • suggest + that + p.pronoun + verbwithoutto Example: D.S “Try themain car park” theportersuggested. • Theportersuggestedthat I should try themain car park. • Theportersuggestedtryingthemain car park. • Theportersuggestedthat I try themain car part.

  5. Reported COMMANDS • Reported commands use a personal direct object and the infinitive. • The negative uses not before to + infinitive. • A number of verbs can be used for reported commands e.g. tell, order, command, warn, instruct, etc • “Stop!” - He told the children to stop. • “Be quiet, children.” – She told the children to be quiet. • “Don’t stop!” – He told them not to stop. • “Don’t go!” – He told me not to go.

  6. Reported REQUESTS • Reported requests have the same grammatical form as reported commands. • Reported requests usually use ask as the main verb. • There is a difference between a reported offer and a reported request. • “Would you open the door, please?” She asked me to open the door. • “Could you lend me some money, please?” He asked me to lend him some money. note difference in meaning: He told me to lend him some money. • Offer: “Would you like a cigar?” He asked if I would like a cigar. • Request: “Would you pass me a cigar?” He asked me to pass him a cigar.

  7. ORDERS Dad says, “ Come home, boys!” Mum says, “ Be quiet, girls!” The cops say, Stop and stand still!” Dad tells the boys to come home. Mum tells the girls to be quiet. The cops tell to stop and stand still. EXAMPLES... • REQUESTS • I say to Ben, “Sit down, please!” • Little Mary says, “Tell me a story!” • Mum says to us, “Be careful, please!” I ask Ben to sit down. Little Mary asks to tell her a story. Mum asks us to be careful. PROHIBITIONS Ted says, “ Don`t argue, Bob!” She says to me, “ Don`t cry!” Dad says,“Don`t play with fire, boys!” Ted asks ( tells) Bob not to argue. She asks me not to cry. Dad tells the boys not to play with fire.

  8. ORDERS Dad said, “ Come home, boys!” Mum said, “ Be quiet, girls!” The cops said,” Stop and stand still!” Dad told the boys to come home. Mum told the girls to be quiet. The cops told to stop and stand still. EXAMPLES... • REQUESTS • I said to Ben, “Sit down, please!” • Little Mary said, “Tell me a story!” • Mum said to us, “Be careful, please!” I asked Ben to sit down. Little Mary asked to tell her a story. Mum asked us to be careful. PROHIBITIONS Ted said, “ Don`t argue, Bob!” She said to me, “ Don`t cry!” Dad said,“Don`t play with fire, boys!” Ted asked ( told) Bob not to argue. She asked me not to cry. Dad told the boys not to play with fire.

  9. ORDERS Dad said, “ Come home, boys!” Mum said, “ Be quiet, girls!” The cops said,” Stop and stand still!” Dad told the boys to come home. Mum told the girls to be quiet. The copscommandedto stop and stand. EXAMPLES... • REQUESTS • I said to Ben, “Sit down, please!” • Little Mary said, “Tell me a story!” • Mum said to us, “Be careful, please!” I begged Ben to sit down. Little Mary askedto tell her a story. Mum reminded us to be careful. PROHIBITIONS Ted said, “ Don`t argue, Bob!” She said to me, “ Don`t cry!” Dad said,“Don`t play with fire, boys!” Instead of traditional ask(s), asked tell(s), told Ted reminded Bob not to argue. She advised me not to cry. Dad warned the boys not to play with fire. beg, remind, advise command, warn .... can be used

  10. Reported Speech / Indirect Speech: Imperative Sentences Direct Speech He said, “Lie down slowly, Tom.” Indirect Speech He told Tom to lie down slowly. Direct Speech “Don’t swim out too far, boys,” said the coach. Indirect Speech The coach warned the boys not to swim out too far. Direct Speech The boy said to his friend, “Please play that tune again.” Indirect Speech The boy requested his friend to play that tune again. Direct Speech “Order in Court,” said the judge to the people in the court. Indirect Speech The judge commanded the people in the court to keep order. Direct Speech “Don’t write on the wall!” he said to May. Indirect Speech He ordered May not to write on the wall. Direct Speech “Please, please don’t take any risks,” said his wife. Indirect Speech His wife begged him not to take any risks.

  11. Reported Speech / Indirect Speech: Imperative Sentences 1. Change the imperative form into the to-infinitive clause. a.) For the affirmative imperative form, to-infinitive is used E.g. He said, “Lie down slowly, Tom.” He told Tom to lie down b) For the negative imperative form, not + to-infinitive is used.  E.g.“Don’t swim out too far, boys,” said the coach. The coach warned the boys not to swim out too far.

  12. Reported Speech / Indirect Speech: Imperative Sentences 2. Change the reporting verb into one that matches the function of the imperative. E.g. The boy said to his friend, “Please play that tune again.” The boy requested his friend to play that tune again. Notes: It is necessary to use more than one reporting verb if the direct speech contains more than one sentence. Example: “Don’t argue with Kassim,” my mother said. “Get on with your work.” My mother told me not to argue with Kassim and asked me to get on with my work.

  13. Change the imperatives from Direct to Indirect Speech.

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