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Exploring Cells: Organelles and Functions

Discover the intricacies of cells by learning about organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes. Understand their roles in cellular functions and how they contribute to the survival of the cell. Compare plant and animal cells to uncover their unique characteristics.

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Exploring Cells: Organelles and Functions

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  1. Do Now: • Draw a picture of a cell and label as many parts as you can.

  2. The Cell • The parts of a cell are called? • Organelles. • Organelles means “little organs”

  3. Types of Cells • Plant cell Animal cell

  4. The Cell Membrane • Surrounds the cell • Allows materials to move in and out • The Cell Membrane (1min 1sec).asf

  5. Chromosomes • Made of DNA • Instructions for building the body

  6. Nucleus • Contains the Chromosomes • Found in the center of the cell • Organelles - The Nucleus (1min 6sec).asf

  7. Nuclear Membrane • Separates Chromosomes from the rest of the cell.

  8. Cytoplasm • Supports the Organelles. • Many chemical reactions happen here. • The Cytoplasm (21sec).asf

  9. Just like complex organisms, cells are able to survive by coordinating various activities. Complex organisms have a variety of systems, and cells have a variety of organelles that work to help the cell survive. Describe the role of two organelles. In your answer be sure to include: • The names of two organelles and the function of each. • An explanation of how the organelle does it’s job. • The name of the organelle and the name of a part of the human body that has a similar function.

  10. Mitochondria • Site of cellular respiration (production of ATP) • Powerhouse of the cell • Organelles - Mitochondria.asf

  11. Ribosomes • Site of protein synthesis (use information from DNA to make proteins) • Very tiny

  12. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Transports materials around the cell • Network of passageways • Organelles - The Endoplasmic Reticulum (33sec).asf

  13. Golgi Body • Packages materials for export out of the cell

  14. Lysosomes • Contains enzymes that digest foreign particles and old cell parts

  15. Vacuole • Storage space for food, water or waste products. Vacuole

  16. Write down a part of the cell we learned today that you think is most important and describe why you think it is most important. • Ask a neighbor what they thought was most important and why. • Pick ONE. • Why did you decide to pick that one?

  17. Cell Parts (organelles) • There are two types of cells that we are going to be talking about. • Animals are made up of what type of cell? • Answer: Animal cells! (includes humans). • Plants are made up of what type of cell? • Answer: Plant cells!

  18. Animal Cell

  19. Centrioles • Cylindrical structures only found in animal cells that aid in replication (cell division).

  20. Centrioles and Spindle Fibers • Centrioles are anchor point for spindle fibers • Spindle fibers appear during cell division

  21. Parts of the Plant Cell • Plants have organelles in them that Animal cells don’t have.

  22. Cell Wall • Rigid structure that encloses, supports and protects the cells of plants, algae, fungi and most bacteria. • Cell walls in plants are made of cellulose.

  23. Cell Wall • Protective outer layer on plant cells • Adds support

  24. Chloroplasts • Structures found only in the plant cell. • Site of photosynthesis. • Photo = Light, Synthesis = To make. • So Photosynthesis means to make something (glucose) using Light!

  25. Chloroplast • Contain Chlorophyll • Site of Photosynthesis • Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis (50sec).asf

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