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Microphysical and Radiative Properties of Tropical Clouds R esults from TC4 and NAMMA. Paul Lawson and Brad Baker (SPEC) Eric Jensen (NASA ARC), David Mitchell (Dri). Anvil and Turrets on 7/24. Aged Anvil Cirrus on 8/8. In Situ Cirrus on 7/22.
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Microphysical and Radiative Properties of Tropical Clouds Results from TC4 and NAMMA Paul Lawson and Brad Baker (SPEC) Eric Jensen (NASA ARC), David Mitchell (Dri)
Anvil and Turrets on 7/24 Aged Anvil Cirrus on 8/8 In Situ Cirrus on 7/22
Decrease in Number Concentration, Extinction and Mass Across a TC4 Anvil from DC-8 In Situ Data at FL370 on 24 July 2008
TWP-ICE ~ 100 km Downwind ~ 300 km Downwind
Examples of Crystal Chains Formed in Continental Anvils With High Electric Fields (Connolly et al. 2005 - QJRMS)
Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles • Mitchell MADA Code used to Compute Optical Properties (SSA, g, bext) from 2D-S Area and Mass PSD’s • Optical Properties fed into Toon et al. (1989) Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Code to Compute Heating Rates.
Summary In Situ Cirrus: Aged Anvil Cirrus: Fresh Anvil Cirrus: Convective Turrets: • CVI and 2D-S IWC Agree to Within About 20% in the mean. • Average Microphysical Properties are Similar from one Tropical Maritime Region (TC4) to Another (NAMMA) • Significant Microphysical Variability (i.e., Particle Concentration, bext, IWC, Particle Shape) Exists Within a Region on scales from Tens to Thousands of Kilometers, however, Particles from about 100 to 400 m Dominate Extinction and IWC in all Cloud Types. • Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Model (Toon 1989) gives Cloud Heating Rates using Actual In Situ Measurements.